A patient presents with unilateral nasal congestion, facial pain, and purulent nasal discharge. Upon examination, tenderness is noted over the affected sinus. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The patient's symptoms of unilateral nasal congestion, facial pain, and purulent nasal discharge with tenderness over the affected sinus are suggestive of acute sinusitis. Acute sinusitis is typically caused by a viral or bacterial infection leading to inflammation and swelling of the sinus mucosa, resulting in the characteristic symptoms described. The tenderness over the affected sinus indicates inflammation in that area. Allergic rhinitis typically presents with bilateral nasal congestion, clear nasal discharge, and itching, rather than facial pain and purulent discharge. Nasal polyps are associated with chronic conditions and usually lead to more gradual onset of symptoms. A deviated nasal septum may contribute to chronic sinus issues but typically does not present with acute symptoms of infection like purulent discharge and facial pain.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Entamoeba histolytica is a parasitic protist known to cause amoebiasis, a gastrointestinal infection that can lead to symptoms such as foul-smelling diarrhea containing cysts. Upon microscopic examination of the feces, the presence of Entamoeba histolytica cysts is a key diagnostic feature. This parasite can be transmitted through contaminated food or water, and individuals infected with Entamoeba histolytica may experience abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, and weight loss. Proper diagnosis and treatment are essential to manage this infection and prevent complications.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The best approach in dealing with a nurse who is resistant to change and not actively participating is to communicate and encourage verbalizing feelings about the change. By talking with the nurse and allowing them to express their concerns and feelings, you can address any underlying issues that may be causing the resistance. This approach can help build trust, improve communication, and ultimately increase the nurse's engagement in the change process. Coercion (Choice A) can create negative feelings and resistance, while ignoring the nurse's resistance (Choice D) will not resolve the issue. Providing positive rewards (Choice B) may be helpful but may not address the underlying reasons for resistance. Communication is key in addressing resistance to change and fostering a positive, open environment for all involved.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: #NAME?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is to avoid sharing items used by the infected person in order to prevent the spread of Scabies infestation to other residents in the community. Scabies is a highly contagious skin infestation caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite, and it can easily spread through direct skin-to-skin contact or by sharing personal items such as clothing, towels, and bedding. By advising the family to avoid sharing items used by the infected person, Nurse Emma is helping to prevent the transmission of the mites to others in the community. Boiling utensils, taking excessive baths, or wearing masks and shields are not necessary preventive measures for scabies infestation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Proper latch technique is the most important nursing intervention to alleviate nipple soreness in a breastfeeding client. When a baby latches on correctly, it helps prevent nipple trauma and soreness. Educating the client on how to achieve a proper latch, such as ensuring the baby's mouth covers both the nipple and areola, can significantly reduce discomfort during feedings. Improving the latch can also enhance milk transfer, leading to better breastfeeding outcomes for both the mother and baby. While lanolin cream (choice C) can provide some relief for sore nipples, addressing the root cause by correcting the latch is crucial for long-term comfort and successful breastfeeding. Using nipple shields (choice B) or encouraging the use of breast pumps (choice D) should not be the first line of intervention when addressing sore nipples, as they do not address the underlying issue of latch technique.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most likely diagnosis in this scenario is epididymitis. Epididymitis is an inflammation of the epididymis, a coiled tube at the back of the testicle that stores and carries sperm. Common symptoms include scrotal pain, swelling, erythema (redness), and a tender, fluctuant mass in the scrotum due to an abscess. Risk factors for epididymitis include urinary tract infections, sexually transmitted infections (such as gonorrhea or chlamydia), and recent urological procedures. It is important to differentiate epididymitis from testicular torsion, which would present with sudden, severe testicular pain, absent cremasteric reflex, and a high-riding testicle. Testicular cancer typically presents as a painless mass or swelling in the scrotum, and hydrocele presents as painless scrotal swelling due to a collection of fluid

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The patient requiring a dressing change of post-caesarian surgery should be assigned to the midwife because this task involves specialized knowledge and skills related to wound care and post-operative care. Performing a dressing change for a post-caesarian surgery patient requires expertise to ensure proper hygiene, wound healing, and prevention of post-operative complications. This task goes beyond the scope of practice for a nursing assistant and should be done by a healthcare professional with higher qualifications and training, such as a midwife.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most effective plan would be for the nurse to educate the entire family at the same time about the disease and medications to treat it (Option C). This approach ensures that each family member receives the same information and understanding about obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and its treatment. By educating the entire family simultaneously, it creates a supportive environment where everyone is on the same page and can provide understanding and assistance to the individual with OCD, in this case, Mrs. Juan. It also allows for open communication and collaboration within the family unit, leading to better management and support for Mrs. Juan in dealing with her illness.