A patient presents with symptoms of mania, including increased energy and impulsivity. The nurse recognizes that the patient is likely experiencing:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bipolar disorder. Mania is a key symptom of bipolar disorder, characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and impulsivity. Patients with bipolar disorder experience episodes of mania alternating with episodes of depression. A panic attack (A) is characterized by sudden onset of intense fear or discomfort, not by persistent elevated mood. Post-traumatic stress disorder (C) involves symptoms related to a traumatic event, such as flashbacks and hypervigilance, not mania. Generalized anxiety disorder (D) is characterized by excessive worry and anxiety, not by the symptoms of mania.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because reducing sodium intake helps lower blood pressure by decreasing fluid retention and strain on the heart. Sodium restriction is a key component in managing hypertension. Choice B is incorrect as herbal supplements are not proven effective for lowering blood pressure. Choice C is helpful for monitoring but does not directly manage blood pressure. Choice D is effective but typically done by a physician, not a nurse. Ultimately, providing education on reducing sodium intake is the most appropriate intervention for managing the patient's blood pressure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the statement indicates a lack of understanding about the importance of consistent medication adherence in managing schizophrenia. Here's the rationale: 1. Taking medication only when experiencing symptoms can lead to relapses and exacerbation of the condition. 2. Schizophrenia requires continuous treatment to prevent symptom recurrence. 3. Option A emphasizes daily medication for relapse prevention, which is aligned with treatment guidelines. 4. Option B acknowledges past difficulties but shows willingness to improve adherence. 5. Option D demonstrates a strong commitment to following the prescribed treatment plan.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Setting limits on excessive talking or inappropriate behavior. During a manic episode, individuals with bipolar disorder may engage in impulsive behaviors and have difficulty controlling their speech. Setting limits helps maintain safety and prevent harm. Allowing uninterrupted expression (choice A) can fuel manic behavior. Encouraging decision-making (choice C) can be challenging due to impaired judgment. Involving in group therapy (choice D) may not be effective during a manic episode due to distractibility and agitation. Setting limits provides structure and promotes safety.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because providing a quiet environment and allowing extra time for the patient to speak are essential for effective communication with a patient recovering from a stroke. Patients with speech difficulties require patience and a supportive atmosphere to express themselves. Choice A is incorrect as rushing the patient can increase frustration and hinder communication. Choice C is incorrect as not all stroke patients may have the ability to write down their thoughts. Choice D is incorrect as giving false reassurance may lead to unrealistic expectations and disappointment.