Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The symptoms described - sudden-onset severe headache, nausea, vomiting, photophobia, neck stiffness, and positive Kernig and Brudzinski signs - are classic manifestations of meningitis. Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, often caused by infection. The sudden onset of these symptoms and signs, along with neck stiffness and positive Kernig and Brudzinski signs (indicative of meningeal irritation), strongly suggest meningitis as the most likely diagnosis in this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting, fasting, or excessive exercise. The repeated purging in bulimia can lead to electrolyte imbalances, such as hypokalemia (low potassium levels). Hypokalemia is a serious condition that can affect the function of the heart's electrical system, potentially leading to the development of cardiac arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats) and even cardiac arrest, which can result in death. Therefore, in a bulimic patient like Sherry, the risk of death is most likely due to the combination of hypokalemia and its complications, such as cardiac arrhythmias and arrest.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Insulinoma is a rare neuroendocrine tumor that arises from pancreatic beta cells, leading to excessive production and secretion of insulin. The symptoms described in the patient, such as weight loss, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, hypoglycemia, and elevated insulin levels, are characteristic of insulinoma.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the scenario described, the patient is presenting with severe symptoms of acute exacerbation of asthma, including severe dyspnea, accessory muscle use, and inability to speak in full sentences. In such cases, the most appropriate intervention for assessing the severity of the asthma exacerbation and guiding management decisions is a clinical assessment using standardized severity scores.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The symptoms described - sudden-onset severe headache, nausea, vomiting, photophobia, neck stiffness, and positive Kernig and Brudzinski signs - are classic manifestations of meningitis. Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, often caused by infection. The sudden onset of these symptoms and signs, along with neck stiffness and positive Kernig and Brudzinski signs (indicative of meningeal irritation), strongly suggest meningitis as the most likely diagnosis in this scenario.