ATI RN
Adult Health Med Surg Nursing Test Banks Questions
Question 1 of 9
A patient presents with recurrent episodes of sudden, severe vertigo lasting hours, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and nystagmus. Vestibular function tests demonstrate unilateral weakness. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient's presentation of recurrent episodes of sudden, severe vertigo lasting hours, along with nausea, vomiting, nystagmus, and unilateral weakness on vestibular function tests, is most consistent with vestibular neuritis. Vestibular neuritis is an inflammatory disorder of the vestibular nerve, typically viral in origin, leading to acute onset of vertigo. Patients often experience severe vertigo, imbalance, nausea, and vomiting, along with characteristic nystagmus. Unilateral weakness on vestibular function testing supports the diagnosis of vestibular neuritis, as it indicates dysfunction of one vestibular organ. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) typically presents with brief episodes of vertigo triggered by changes in head position without associated unilateral vestibular weakness. Ménière's disease is characterized by recurrent episodes of vertigo associated with fluctuating hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness, and
Question 2 of 9
A patient receiving palliative care for end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) expresses a desire to discuss advance care planning. What action should the palliative nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a patient receiving palliative care for end-stage COPD expresses a desire to discuss advance care planning, the palliative nurse should initiate a conversation about advance directives and future care preferences. Advance care planning involves discussing and documenting a patient's preferences regarding future medical care, particularly in situations where the patient may no longer be able to make decisions. This discussion helps ensure that the patient's wishes are respected and followed in the event they are unable to communicate their preferences. By engaging in advance care planning discussions, the nurse can help the patient feel empowered, supported, and in control of their medical care decisions. It also allows healthcare providers to align care with the patient's values and goals, ultimately improving quality of life and ensuring dignity at the end of life.
Question 3 of 9
The foundation of medication administration is the application for the "Rights of Medication Administration." which of the following is NOT included in these rights?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The "Rights of Medication Administration" include the following fundamental principles to ensure safe medication administration: right patient, right medication, right dosage, right route, right time, and right documentation. The price of the medication is not a part of these essential rights. These rights help to prevent medication errors and ensure that patients receive the correct medication in the correct way.
Question 4 of 9
The nurse informs the patient and family that rehabilitation prior to discharge is BEST described as______.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rehabilitation prior to discharge is best described as a period of ups and downs, physically and emotionally because it involves the recovery process after an illness, injury, or medical procedure. It is a challenging time where the patient may experience setbacks and improvements on their journey back to health. There can be physical challenges such as regaining strength and mobility, as well as emotional challenges like coping with the changes in their condition. Therefore, the rehabilitation process is often not smooth and can be a rollercoaster of progress and setbacks, both physically and emotionally.
Question 5 of 9
The group was observant as to the activities taking place in the delivery room. One of the activities involved social processes, which can be better explored. Which of the following qualitative research method should be used?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Grounded theory is a qualitative research method that focuses on generating theory from data rather than testing pre-existing theories. In this scenario, where the goal is to explore social processes observed in the delivery room activities, grounded theory would be the most appropriate method. This method allows researchers to systematically collect and analyze data in order to develop theoretical explanations for social phenomena. By using grounded theory, researchers can explore the interactions, behaviors, and social processes at play in the delivery room in a structured and systematic way, thereby gaining insights into these phenomena through an inductive approach.
Question 6 of 9
After five days of hospitalization, the physician said Mr. Steeve can be discharged. He ordered medications to be taken at home. The client is still weak and symptomatic, which of the following rights could be violated in this case? Right to _______.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The right to refuse treatment is a fundamental patient right. In this case, the physician ordering medications for the client to take at home without the client's input or agreement could possibly violate the client's right to refuse treatment. It is important for patients to have the autonomy to make decisions regarding their own treatment, especially when they are still weak and symptomatic. Patients should have the opportunity to discuss their treatment plan with their healthcare provider and express any concerns or preferences they may have.
Question 7 of 9
The nurse anticipates that which one is prescribed to prevent a common bacterial complication from the dog bite?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic commonly prescribed for the prevention of bacterial infections that can result from animal bites, such as dog bites. Dog bites are often contaminated with bacteria and can lead to infections, particularly from organisms such as Pasteurella multocida. Ciprofloxacin is effective against a broad range of bacteria, including those commonly found in animal bites, making it a suitable choice for infection prophylaxis in this scenario. Ibuprofen is a pain reliever and anti-inflammatory medication, tetanus toxoid is given to prevent tetanus infection, and meperidine is a narcotic analgesic used for pain relief, but none of these options specifically target bacterial prevention in the case of a dog bite.
Question 8 of 9
A patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is prescribed prednisone for an acute exacerbation. Which instruction is important for the nurse to include in patient education about prednisone therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is crucial for patients with COPD who are prescribed prednisone to be educated about the importance of not abruptly stopping the medication. Prednisone is a type of corticosteroid that should be tapered off gradually under the guidance of a healthcare provider to prevent potential withdrawal symptoms and adrenal insufficiency. Suddenly stopping prednisone can lead to serious adverse effects, including fatigue, weakness, joint pain, fever, dizziness, and potentially life-threatening complications. Therefore, adherence to the prescribed tapering schedule is essential to ensure the safe and effective management of COPD exacerbations with prednisone therapy.
Question 9 of 9
What drug should the nurse prepare for administration to reverse all signs of toxicity?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Naloxone, also known by the brand name Narcan, is used to reverse the effects of opioid overdose. Opioids can cause respiratory depression, sedation, and other signs of toxicity. Administering naloxone can quickly reverse these effects, restoring the patient's breathing and consciousness. This makes it the appropriate choice for reversing all signs of toxicity related to opioids. Digibind (Digoxin) is used to reverse toxicity from digoxin specifically. Atropine sulfate is used for bradycardia. Diazepam (Valium) is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety, seizures, and muscle relaxation, not for reversing toxicity.