ATI RN
Nurses and Infection Control Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient presents with pneumonia. Which priority intervention should be included in the plan of care for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Observe the patient for decreased activity tolerance. This is the priority intervention as pneumonia can lead to decreased oxygenation and energy levels. Monitoring activity tolerance helps assess respiratory status and response to treatment. Choice B is incorrect as pain management is not the priority in pneumonia. Choice C is incorrect as ice chips may not address the patient's respiratory needs. Choice D is incorrect as maintaining room temperature is not a priority in managing pneumonia.
Question 2 of 5
The home health nurse is teaching a patient and family about hand hygiene in the home. Which situation will cause the nurse to emphasize washing hands before and after?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, performing treatments. This is because performing treatments involves direct contact with the patient's body or medical equipment, increasing the risk of spreading infection. Washing hands before and after ensures proper hygiene to prevent the transmission of pathogens. Shaking hands (A) is important for social etiquette but does not pose the same risk of infection transmission. Opening the refrigerator (C) and working on a computer (D) are not direct sources of contamination, so hand hygiene before and after these activities is not as critical in preventing infection transmission in the home setting.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who has a bloodborne pathogen. The nurse splashes blood above the glove to intact skin while discontinuing an intravenous (IV) infusion. Which step(s) will the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Immediately washing the site with soap and running water is essential to reduce the risk of transmission of bloodborne pathogens. This step helps to remove any potentially infectious material and decreases the likelihood of infection. Seeking guidance from the manager is also important as they can provide support and further instructions on reporting the incident. Choice A is incorrect because using an alcohol swab alone may not effectively remove all bloodborne pathogens, and continuing care without proper cleaning increases the risk of transmission. Choice C is incorrect as ignoring a blood splashing incident can lead to serious health consequences for both the nurse and the patient. It is not acceptable to consider it a normal part of the job. Choice D is incorrect because delaying washing the site can allow pathogens to enter the body through breaks in the skin, increasing the risk of infection.
Question 4 of 5
It is not necessary to wash your hands after removing gloves because your hands are protected by the gloves.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: It is not necessary to wash your hands after removing gloves because your hands are not protected by the gloves. Gloves can become contaminated during use, and removing them without washing hands can transfer any pathogens or contaminants from the gloves to the hands. Therefore, it is important to wash hands thoroughly after removing gloves to maintain proper hygiene and prevent the spread of germs.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following are elements needed to transmit an infection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'All of the above.' To transmit an infection, all three elements mentioned are needed. The infectious agent refers to the pathogen or microorganism that causes the infection, such as bacteria or viruses. The reservoir is the source or habitat where the infectious agent lives and multiplies, such as humans, animals, or the environment. Lastly, the means of transmission refers to the way the infectious agent is transferred from the reservoir to a susceptible host, which can include direct contact, airborne droplets, contaminated objects, or vectors like mosquitoes. Therefore, all three elements are necessary for the transmission of an infection.