ATI RN
Fundamentals of Nursing Oxygenation Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient presents with pleuritic chest pain and fever. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct action is to assess for diminished lung sounds first. Pleuritic chest pain and fever can indicate a potential respiratory issue like pneumonia. Assessing lung sounds can provide immediate information on the patient's respiratory status and guide further interventions. Administering antipyretics can help manage the fever but does not address the underlying cause. Obtaining a sputum sample for culture is important for identifying the specific pathogen causing the infection but is not the first priority. Placing the patient in a high Fowler's position can improve oxygenation but should come after assessing lung sounds to ensure appropriate positioning.
Question 2 of 5
A patient presents with symptoms of a pulmonary embolism. What is the nurse's initial action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct initial action for a patient with suspected pulmonary embolism is to elevate the head of the bed and apply oxygen (Choice B). Elevating the head of the bed helps improve oxygenation and reduces the workload on the heart. Providing oxygen is crucial to ensure adequate oxygen supply to the tissues. Administering anticoagulants (Choice A) should come after stabilizing the patient. Preparing for a chest x-ray (Choice C) is important but not the immediate action. Placing the patient in a supine position (Choice D) can worsen the condition by reducing blood flow to the heart.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with asthma is prescribed a corticosteroid inhaler. What is the most important teaching point?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rinse your mouth after using the inhaler. This is important because corticosteroid inhalers can cause oral thrush, a fungal infection in the mouth. Rinsing the mouth after use helps prevent this side effect. Choice A is incorrect because corticosteroid inhalers are used for long-term control, not during acute attacks. Choice C is incorrect as corticosteroid inhalers are usually taken on an empty stomach. Choice D is incorrect as using a spacer with the inhaler can actually improve drug delivery and effectiveness.
Question 4 of 5
A diabetic patient's arterial blood gas (ABG) results show pH 7.28, PaCO2 34 mm Hg, HCO3- 18 mEq/L. What is the nurse's interpretation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct interpretation is B: Metabolic acidosis. The low pH indicates acidosis. The low HCO3- level (<22 mEq/L) indicates a primary metabolic acidosis. The PaCO2 level is not elevated, ruling out respiratory compensation. Choice A is incorrect because the primary disturbance is metabolic, not respiratory alkalosis. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests both acidosis and alkalosis, which is not the case. Choice D is incorrect because the PaCO2 is not elevated, ruling out respiratory acidosis.
Question 5 of 5
A patient's arterial blood gas shows pH 7.31, PaCO2 50 mm Hg, and HCO3 24 mEq/L. What condition does this indicate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Respiratory acidosis. The pH is below the normal range (7.35-7.45), indicating acidosis. The PaCO2 is elevated (normal range 35-45 mm Hg), suggesting respiratory acidosis. The HCO3 is within the normal range, indicating that compensation has not occurred. This scenario is consistent with uncompensated respiratory acidosis. A: Metabolic alkalosis - Incorrect. HCO3 is within the normal range, not elevated as seen in metabolic alkalosis. C: Compensated respiratory acidosis - Incorrect. The HCO3 is not elevated, indicating incomplete compensation. D: Uncompensated metabolic acidosis - Incorrect. The PaCO2 is elevated, indicating a respiratory issue rather than a metabolic one.