A patient presents with multiple, discrete, flesh-colored papules with central umbilication on the trunk and extremities. The lesions are asymptomatic and have been present for several months. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Molluscum contagiosum is a viral skin infection caused by the poxvirus. It typically presents as multiple, flesh-colored, dome-shaped papules with a central umbilication (dimple or depression in the center) on the skin. These lesions are often found on the trunk and extremities and can persist for several months. Molluscum contagiosum is commonly seen in children but can also occur in adults, especially those with weakened immune systems. The lesions are usually asymptomatic but can become inflamed or itchy in some cases. Treatment options include observation, topical therapies, cryotherapy, or curettage.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: For a displaced femoral neck fracture, the most appropriate surgical procedure is usually an open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). This procedure involves making an incision to reposition the fractured bone fragments and securing them in place with screws or other fixation devices. ORIF allows for better alignment of the fracture, which is crucial for proper healing and minimizing the risk of complications like avascular necrosis or nonunion. Closed reduction and internal fixation (CRIF) may not be as effective for displaced femoral neck fractures due to the complex nature of the fracture and the need for precise realignment and stability provided by an open surgical approach. External fixation is less commonly used for femoral neck fractures and is typically reserved for certain specific cases where internal fixation is not feasible. Closed reduction alone is unlikely to provide adequate stability for a displaced femoral neck fracture and is generally not recommended as the primary surgical treatment for this type of injury.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the case of Mang Luis, who has been diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is experiencing exacerbation, the most crucial health intervention to include in the teaching plan is to reduce the risk for infection. COPD exacerbations are commonly triggered by respiratory infections such as pneumonia and bronchitis. Preventing infections is essential in managing COPD as they can lead to worsening of symptoms and increased healthcare utilization. Therefore, educating Mang Luis on strategies to reduce the risk of infection, such as proper hand hygiene, avoiding exposure to sick individuals, getting vaccinated, and managing environmental factors, is paramount in his care plan.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Pericarditis is the inflammation of the pericardium, the sac surrounding the heart. Patients with pericarditis typically present with sharp chest pain that worsens with deep breathing, changes in body position, and coughing. The pain tends to improve when the patient leans forward. This characteristic symptom of pericarditis is known as "pleuritic" chest pain. In contrast, stable angina presents as predictable chest pain that occurs with exertion and is relieved by rest or medications. Unstable angina is characterized by chest pain that occurs at rest or with minimal exertion and is considered a medical emergency. Myocarditis involves inflammation of the heart muscle and may present with symptoms such as chest pain, but it does not typically have the characteristic of worsening with deep breathing or changes in body position.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In a community clinic providing primary care for patients, the most common healthcare professional who manages patient care is a physician. Physicians, also known as doctors, are trained and licensed to diagnose and treat a wide range of medical conditions. They are responsible for conducting exams, prescribing medications, ordering tests, and developing treatment plans for patients. While other healthcare professionals such as nurses, midwives, and barangay health workers also play important roles in providing care, physicians typically lead the team, make critical decisions, and provide overall management of patient care in a primary care setting like a community clinic.