Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The presentation of flank pain, hematuria, and a palpable mass in the abdomen is characteristic of renal cell carcinoma. Renal cell carcinoma is a common type of kidney cancer that often presents with these symptoms. The presence of a solid renal mass with calcifications on imaging further supports this diagnosis, as renal cell carcinoma is known to have this appearance on imaging studies. It is important to promptly evaluate and manage patients with suspected renal cell carcinoma to optimize outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The Somogyi effect, also known as rebound hyperglycemia, is a phenomenon observed in patients with diabetes mellitus during sleep. It is characterized by a low blood sugar level (hypoglycemia) followed by high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) in the morning. This occurs due to limited insulin in the body during the night, leading to high blood sugar levels in the morning as a response to the hypoglycemia episode. Too much globulin or albumin are not directly associated with the Somogyi effect. Increasing insulin in the body would rather help prevent the hypoglycemia episode that triggers the rebound hyperglycemia in the Somogyi effect.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The presentation of flank pain, hematuria, and a palpable mass in the abdomen is characteristic of renal cell carcinoma. Renal cell carcinoma is a common type of kidney cancer that often presents with these symptoms. The presence of a solid renal mass with calcifications on imaging further supports this diagnosis, as renal cell carcinoma is known to have this appearance on imaging studies. It is important to promptly evaluate and manage patients with suspected renal cell carcinoma to optimize outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A grieving individual may show a range of cues across different aspects of their life. Thoughts may include constant preoccupation with the loss, difficulties in concentrating, or intrusive thoughts. Feelings may involve sadness, anger, guilt, confusion, or relief. Behavioral cues may include changes in sleep patterns, appetite, energy levels, social withdrawal, or the use of substances. Physiologic complaints can manifest as headaches, stomach issues, fatigue, or other physical symptoms. Therefore, when a nurse observes cues related to thoughts, feelings, behavior, and physiologic complaints in a patient, it can suggest that the patient is grieving for a loss.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Nitrous oxide, also known as "laughing gas," is a safe and effective pharmacological option for pain management during labor. Nitrous oxide is commonly used in labor and delivery settings as it has minimal effects on the baby and allows the woman to remain in control of her pain management. It provides quick pain relief when inhaled and can be adjusted to the woman's needs during labor. Ibuprofen, morphine, and diazepam are not typically used for pain management during labor due to their potential risks and side effects, especially for the baby.