ATI RN
Cardiovascular Treatment Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient mentions, “My doctor told me I was going to have a PET scan that would make my brain light up. Does that mean I’m getting an electrical jolt?” The best reply would be:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it provides a clear and accurate explanation of what a PET scan actually does. It states that PET scans involve an injected substance that shows areas of high brain activity, not electrical activity. This response clarifies the misunderstanding and educates the patient on how PET scans work. Choice A is incorrect because it only compares PET scans to electroconvulsive therapy without addressing the patient's specific concern about electrical jolts. Choice B is incorrect as it only distinguishes between PET scans and electroconvulsive therapy without addressing the patient's misconception about brain activity and electrical jolts. Choice D is incorrect because it inaccurately describes PET scans as showing electrical activity in the form of light bands, which is not how PET scans work. It is essential to provide accurate information to address the patient's concerns effectively.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the JNC 7 guidelines for treatment of hypertension. Which blood pressure would be classified as “prehypertension” according to the JNC 7 guidelines?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (130/88 mm Hg) because according to JNC 7 guidelines, prehypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure between 120-139 mm Hg and/or diastolic blood pressure between 80-89 mm Hg. Choice A (118/76 mm Hg) falls within the normal range. Choices C (150/90 mm Hg) and D (160/104 mm Hg) both fall within the hypertension range, not prehypertension.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with elevated lipid levels has a new prescription for nicotinic acid (niacin). The nurse informs the patient that which adverse effects may occur with this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pruritus, cutaneous flushing. Nicotinic acid commonly causes flushing due to prostaglandin release. Pruritus may also occur. B is incorrect as tinnitus and urine odor changes are not associated with nicotinic acid. C is incorrect as myalgia and fatigue are not common adverse effects. D is incorrect as blurred vision and headaches are not typically seen with nicotinic acid use. Therefore, A is the most appropriate choice based on the common adverse effects of nicotinic acid.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer morning medications to a patient who has been newly diagnosed with tuberculosis. The patient asks, “Why do I have to take so many different drugs?” Which response by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Taking multiple drugs reduces the chance that the tuberculosis will become drug resistant." Rationale: 1. Combination therapy is essential in treating tuberculosis to prevent the development of drug resistance. 2. Different drugs target various stages of the tuberculosis bacteria's life cycle, reducing the likelihood of resistance. 3. Using a single drug can lead to the bacteria adapting and becoming resistant, making treatment ineffective. 4. Option A is incorrect because relying on just one drug is not effective in preventing drug resistance. 5. Option C is incorrect as using multiple drugs does not necessarily reduce side effects; it primarily aims to prevent resistance. 6. Option D is incorrect because the main goal of using multiple drugs is not to enhance the effect of each drug but to prevent drug resistance.
Question 5 of 5
Half life (t ½) is the time required to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because half-life represents the time taken for the concentration of a drug in the plasma to reduce by 50%. This is crucial during the elimination phase when the drug is being cleared from the body. Choice B is incorrect as half-life does not specifically relate to drug metabolism into active metabolites. Choice C is incorrect as half-life is not about drug absorption but elimination. Choice D is incorrect as half-life does not pertain to drug binding to plasma proteins but rather the rate of elimination from the body.