Questions 9

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Fluid and Electrolytes ATI Questions

Question 1 of 5

A patient is taking spironolactone (Aldactone) to control her hypertension. Her serum potassium level is 6 mEq/L. For this patient, the nurse's priority would be to assess her:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Although changes in all these findings are seen in hyperkalemia, ECG changes can indicate potentially lethal arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation. It wouldn't be appropriate to assess the patient's neuromuscular function, bowel sounds, or respiratory rate for effects of hyperkalemia.

Question 2 of 5

A patient is taking spironolactone (Aldactone) to control her hypertension. Her serum potassium level is 6 mEq/L. For this patient, the nurse's priority would be to assess her:

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Although changes in all these findings are seen in hyperkalemia, ECG changes can indicate potentially lethal arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation. It wouldn't be appropriate to assess the patient's neuromuscular function, bowel sounds, or respiratory rate for effects of hyperkalemia.

Question 3 of 5

The nurse is caring for a patient who is diaphoretic from a fever. The amount of sodium excreted in the urine will:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Increased sweating (diaphoresis) leads to the loss of sodium and other electrolytes, resulting in higher sodium excretion in the urine.

Question 4 of 5

Your patient has the following arterial blood gas results: pH 7.26, PaCO2 28, HCO3 11 mEq/L. How would the nurse interpret the results?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A low pH indicates acidosis (normal pH is 7.35 to 7.45). The PaCO3 is also low, which causes alkalosis. The bicarb is low, which causes acidosis. The pH bicarb more closely corresponds with a decrease in pH, making the metabolic component the primary problem.

Question 5 of 5

The nurse is evaluating a patient's laboratory results. Based upon the laboratory findings, what results will cause the release of an antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Increased serum sodium causes increased thirst and the release of ADH by the posterior pituitary gland.

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