ATI RN
Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs NCLEX Style Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is taking ramelteon for insomnia. The nurse prepares a care plan that includes monitoring of the patient for side effects/adverse reactions of this drug. Which is a side effect of ramelteon?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Sleep-related behaviors. Ramelteon is a melatonin receptor agonist used to treat insomnia. One of the common side effects is sleep-related behaviors, such as sleepwalking, sleep eating, or other complex behaviors during sleep. This occurs as a result of altered sleep patterns and should be monitored closely. Choice A: Insomnia is incorrect because ramelteon is used to treat insomnia, not cause it. Choice B: Bradycardia is incorrect as it is not a common side effect of ramelteon. Choice C: Laryngospasm is incorrect as it is not a known side effect of ramelteon. In summary, the correct side effect of ramelteon to monitor for is sleep-related behaviors, while the other choices are not typically associated with this medication.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is having absence seizures. Which of the following does the nurse expect to be prescribed for this type of seizure? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Valproic acid. Valproic acid is commonly prescribed for absence seizures due to its effectiveness in controlling this specific type of seizure. It works by increasing the levels of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA in the brain, helping to prevent the abnormal electrical activity that leads to absence seizures. Phenytoin (A) and Phenobarbital (B) are not typically used for absence seizures. Phenytoin is more commonly used for focal and tonic-clonic seizures, while Phenobarbital is often used for generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Clonazepam (D) is also not the first-line treatment for absence seizures. It is more commonly used for myoclonic seizures and certain types of epilepsy syndromes.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse has initiated teaching for a family member of a patient with Alzheimer disease. The nurse realizes more teaching is needed if the family member makes which statement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because Alzheimer's disease currently has no cure. Step 1: Alzheimer's is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that worsens over time, leading to memory loss (A). Step 2: The exact cause is unknown, with various theories proposed (B). Step 3: Behavioral symptoms like personality changes, wandering, and aggression are common (C). Step 4: There is no cure for Alzheimer's; current treatments aim to manage symptoms and slow progression, not cure the disease (D). The other options are accurate statements related to Alzheimer's disease, making them incorrect choices in this context.
Question 4 of 5
What would the nurse teach a patient who is taking anticholinergic therapy for Parkinson disease? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because alcohol can enhance the side effects of anticholinergic therapy, such as dizziness and drowsiness. Alcohol can also worsen symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Choices B and C are incorrect because there is no direct interaction between cigarettes, caffeine, and anticholinergic therapy. Choice D is incorrect because while it may help relieve dry mouth, it is not specifically related to the use of anticholinergic therapy for Parkinson's disease.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with multiple sclerosis is having muscle spasticity. The nurse anticipates which drug will be prescribed to treat the patient’s spasticity?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cyclobenzaprine. Cyclobenzaprine is a centrally acting muscle relaxant commonly used to treat muscle spasticity in conditions like multiple sclerosis. It works by inhibiting nerve impulses to reduce muscle spasms. Neostigmine (A) is a cholinesterase inhibitor used for myasthenia gravis, not spasticity. Ropinirole (B) is a dopamine agonist used for Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome, not spasticity. Pyridostigmine (D) is also a cholinesterase inhibitor used for myasthenia gravis, not spasticity.