ATI RN
Pharmacology Across the Lifespan ATI Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is taking Loracaserin (Belviq) for weight-loss. Which supplement taken by this patient would cause you to be alarmed?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: St. John's wort. St. John's wort is known to interact with many medications, including Loracaserin. It can decrease the effectiveness of Loracaserin, leading to reduced weight-loss benefits. Garlic (A), Ginseng (B), and Ginkgo biloba (D) do not have significant interactions with Loracaserin. Always consult a healthcare provider before taking any new supplements to prevent potential adverse effects.
Question 2 of 5
Which mechanism of action or pharmacological action is best associated with sitagliptin (januvia) and saxagliptin (onglyza)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Sitagliptin and saxagliptin are both DDP-4 inhibitors. 2. DDP-4 inhibitors work by blocking the enzyme DDP-4, which degrades incretin hormones. 3. Incretin hormones increase insulin release and decrease glucagon secretion. 4. This results in improved blood sugar control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Summary: A: Binds PPAR-Gamma - Incorrect, as sitagliptin and saxagliptin do not bind PPAR-Gamma. B: Decreases insulin resistance - Incorrect, as DDP-4 inhibitors primarily work on incretin hormones. C: Increases insulin sensitivity - Incorrect, as the main action of DDP-4 inhibitors is through incretin hormones, not directly on insulin sensitivity.
Question 3 of 5
Bethanechol:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because Bethanechol is a muscarinic receptor agonist that increases detrusor muscle tone to promote bladder emptying. This is its primary pharmacological action. Choice A is incorrect because Bethanechol does not affect LDL cholesterol levels. Choice C is incorrect because Bethanechol does not have a significant effect on bronchial airway constriction. Choice D is incorrect because Bethanechol does not decrease gastric acid secretion.
Question 4 of 5
Which benzodiazepines are commonly used as sleep aids? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answers for benzodiazepines commonly used as sleep aids are Temazepam. Temazepam is a benzodiazepine that is specifically indicated for the treatment of insomnia. It has a relatively short onset of action and duration of effect, making it suitable for sleep induction. Flurazepam is also used as a sleep aid due to its long half-life, but it is less commonly prescribed compared to Temazepam. Chlor diazepoxide and Triazolam are not typically used as sleep aids. Chlor diazepoxide is more commonly used for alcohol withdrawal and anxiety disorders, while Triazolam is used for the short-term treatment of insomnia but has a higher potential for abuse and dependence compared to Temazepam.
Question 5 of 5
Which medication should not be administered with tetracycline?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Mylanta. Tetracycline can form insoluble complexes with divalent or trivalent cations, such as aluminum, magnesium, calcium, and iron, reducing its absorption and effectiveness. Mylanta contains aluminum and magnesium, which can bind to tetracycline, leading to reduced therapeutic effects. Choices A, B, and C (Ativan, Tylenol, Colace) do not contain cations that interfere with tetracycline absorption.