A patient is taking infliximab and asks the nurse what side effects/adverse reactions to expect from this drug. The nurse lists which side effects? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Infliximab is a biologic medication used to treat autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. Common side effects include fatigue and headache, which are generally mild but can affect the patient's quality of life. Chest pain is a less common but serious side effect that may indicate cardiovascular complications or infusion reactions. Nausea is not typically associated with infliximab. Nurses should educate patients about these potential side effects and advise them to report any severe or persistent symptoms, such as chest pain, immediately.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Propranolol belongs to the class of drugs known as beta blockers. Beta blockers work by blocking the effects of adrenaline on beta receptors in the body, resulting in decreased heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac output. Propranolol is commonly used to treat conditions such as hypertension, angina, and certain cardiac arrhythmias. It is specifically a non-selective beta blocker, meaning it blocks both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Senna is a stimulant laxative commonly used to treat constipation. It works by irritating the lining of the intestines, thereby promoting bowel movements. Patients who have not passed stool in several days may benefit from taking Senna to help relieve constipation and promote regular bowel movements. Patients with conditions such as eating disorders, anal fissures, or hemorrhoids may also benefit from stool softeners or other laxatives, but Senna specifically targets constipation due to its stimulant properties. It is essential to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any laxative therapy to determine the appropriate treatment plan for each individual.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Propranolol is a medication that belongs to the class of drugs known as beta blockers. Beta blockers work by blocking the effects of the stress hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline on the beta receptors in the body. By blocking these receptors, propranolol helps to reduce heart rate, blood pressure, and the workload on the heart, making it effective in the treatment of conditions such as high blood pressure, angina, and certain heart rhythm disorders.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this context, a liquid preparation of vegetable drugs prepared by percolation and containing alcohol is known as a fluid extract. Fluid extracts are concentrated herbal extracts that are typically made by percolating a solvent, such as alcohol, through the plant material to extract its active constituents. This process results in a liquid extract that contains the medicinal properties of the plant. Fluid extracts are commonly used in herbal medicine due to their potency and ability to preserve the therapeutic compounds of the plant.