ATI RN
Intro to Pharmacology ATI Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is taking ibuprofen. The nurse understands that COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors are different in that ibuprofen is more likely than celecoxib to cause which adverse effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ibuprofen is a non-selective COX inhibitor, meaning it inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. COX-1 is responsible for maintaining the protective lining of the stomach, and its inhibition can lead to gastrointestinal adverse effects such as peptic ulcer disease. Celecoxib, on the other hand, is a selective COX-2 inhibitor, which primarily targets inflammation and pain without significantly affecting the stomach lining. Therefore, ibuprofen is more likely to cause peptic ulcer disease compared to celecoxib. This distinction is crucial for nurses to understand when managing patients on these medications, as it impacts patient monitoring and education.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is in the emergency department with new-onset atrial fibrillation. Which order for digoxin would most likely have the fastest therapeutic effect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In a patient with new-onset atrial fibrillation who requires rapid initiation of digoxin therapy, the fastest therapeutic effect would be achieved by administering the loading dose intravenously. Option D (Digoxin 1 mg IV push now; then 0.25 mg IV daily) includes an initial IV loading dose of 1 mg, followed by a maintenance dose of 0.25 mg IV daily. IV administration allows for quicker absorption and onset of action compared to oral administration. This loading dose increases the digoxin concentration in the bloodstream more rapidly, leading to a quicker therapeutic effect. Subsequent maintenance doses can then be given orally for long-term management.
Question 3 of 5
When a patient is experiencing digoxin toxicity, which clinical situation would necessitate the use
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with a known history of angina was walking his dog and developed chest pain. The patient immediately stops walking and sits down. He continues to experience chest pain when sitting down. When should he call 911?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient should call 911 immediately. Angina is characterized by chest pain or discomfort that occurs when the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen-rich blood. The fact that the patient continued to experience chest pain even while sitting down is concerning and suggests that he may be having an acute coronary event, such as a heart attack. In this situation, prompt medical attention is crucial to assess and manage the situation appropriately. It is important not to delay seeking emergency help when experiencing chest pain, especially for a patient with a known history of angina.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reviewing discharge teaching for a patient who will be taking digoxin (Lanoxin) therapy. The nurse will teach the patient to avoid which foods when taking the digoxin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Consuming high amounts of foods rich in potassium, such as leafy green vegetables, can potentially decrease the effectiveness of digoxin. Digoxin works by helping the heart beat more strongly and regularly, but too much potassium in the body can interfere with its action. Therefore, patients taking digoxin are usually advised to avoid consuming excessive amounts of foods high in potassium, such as leafy green vegetables. It is recommended for patients on digoxin therapy to maintain a consistent level of potassium in their diet and follow their healthcare provider's guidance on dietary restrictions.