A patient is taking digoxin (Lanoxin) and a loop diuretic daily. When the nurse enters the room with the morning medications, the patient states, I am seeing a funny yellow color around the lights. What is the nurse™s next action?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The patient's statement about seeing a funny yellow color around the lights is indicative of potential digoxin toxicity, as digoxin can cause visual disturbances, such as changes in color vision. The nurse should assess the patient for other symptoms of digoxin toxicity, which may include nausea, vomiting, confusion, and changes in heart rate. It is important to evaluate the patient's condition further to determine the appropriate course of action, including the need for further evaluation and potentially withholding the next dose of digoxin.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists work by blocking the action of angiotensin 2 on its receptors, therefore inhibiting the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). By inhibiting this system, angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists help to decrease blood pressure and reduce the workload on the heart. This is in contrast to ACE inhibitors, which also affect the RAAS but work by preventing the formation of angiotensin 2 in the first place. Beta blockers, such as propranolol, work by blocking the effects of adrenaline (epinephrine) on beta receptors, mainly in the heart. While they are commonly used to manage high blood pressure and reduce the heart rate, they do not directly decrease the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system like angiotensin 2 receptor antagonists.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Alprazolam (Xanax) is a medication commonly used to treat anxiety disorders and panic attacks. It belongs to a class of medications known as benzodiazepines, which work by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain. This helps to reduce the excessive activity in the brain that can lead to anxiety and panic symptoms. Alprazolam is fast-acting and can provide relief from panic attacks quickly.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Furosemide is a diuretic medication that works in the loop of Henle in the kidneys to increase the excretion of water and electrolytes such as sodium and potassium. Its therapeutic effects include increasing the production of urine, reducing fluid retention, and lowering blood pressure. Due to its diuretic properties, furosemide is commonly prescribed for conditions such as edema (fluid retention) associated with congestive heart failure, liver disease, and kidney disorders.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The peak range of regular insulin typically occurs between 1 to 5 hours after administration. This means that regular insulin will reach its maximum effectiveness in lowering blood sugar levels during this time frame. Patients should be aware of this peak range to help manage their diabetes effectively and time their meals and activities accordingly.