ATI RN
Quizlet Pharmacology ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is taking aspirin for secondary prevention of myocardial infarction and is experiencing moderate gastrointestinal upset. The nurse will contact the patient's provider to discuss changing from aspirin to which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient is experiencing gastrointestinal upset from taking aspirin. Enteric-coated aspirin would be a suitable alternative in this case because the special coating on the aspirin helps protect the stomach lining and reduces the risk of gastrointestinal irritation. Switching to an enteric-coated aspirin can still provide the antiplatelet benefits needed for secondary prevention of myocardial infarction while minimizing the gastrointestinal side effects. It is important to address the patient's symptoms while ensuring that they continue to receive appropriate treatment for their medical condition.
Question 2 of 5
The health care provider orders a hypertonic crystalloid IV solution for a 70-year-old patient. Which solution will the nurse hang?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration than plasma, drawing fluid into the intravascular space. 5% dextrose in 0.9% sodium chloride (D) is hypertonic. Lactated Ringer's (A) and 0.45% sodium chloride (B) are hypotonic, while 0.9% sodium chloride (C) is isotonic. Hypertonic solutions are used to treat severe hyponatremia or cerebral edema but must be administered cautiously to avoid fluid overload.
Question 3 of 5
A pregnant patient who is at 32 weeks' gestation has a cold and calls the office to ask about taking an over-the-counter medication that is rated as pregnancy category A. Which answer by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pregnancy category A indicates that adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus. Therefore, the nurse can reassure the patient that the medication is safe to take as directed. The other options either overstate the risk or provide incomplete information. It is important for the nurse to provide accurate and evidence-based guidance to ensure the safety of both the patient and the fetus.
Question 4 of 5
A female patient needs a whole blood transfusion. In order for transfusion services (the blood bank) to prepare the correct product a sample of the patient's blood must be obtained for:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A blood type and crossmatch are essential before a whole blood transfusion to ensure compatibility between the donor and recipient. This process involves determining the patient's blood type (ABO and Rh) and testing for antibodies that could cause a transfusion reaction. A complete blood count and differential are not required for transfusion preparation. Blood culture and sensitivity are used to diagnose infections, not for transfusion compatibility. Therefore, blood type and crossmatch are the correct steps.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following drugs blocks reuptake of 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Serotonin reuptake blockade increases synaptic levels. Buspirone, a 5-HT1A agonist, treats anxiety without reuptake effects. Pizotifen, a serotonin antagonist, prevents migraines. Granisetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, controls nausea. Paroxetine, an SSRI, potently inhibits serotonin reuptake, elevating mood in depression. Sumatriptan activates 5-HT1 receptors. Paroxetine's mechanism is central to its antidepressant efficacy, distinguishing it from receptor modulators.