ATI RN
Pharmacology Final ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is taking a cephalosporin. The nurse anticipates which appropriate nursing intervention(s) for this medication? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cephalosporins are antibiotics that can cause nephrotoxicity, particularly in patients with pre-existing renal impairment. Monitoring renal function is essential to detect any decline in kidney function early. Liver function studies are also important because cephalosporins can occasionally cause hepatotoxicity. Intravenous cephalosporins should be infused over 30 minutes to ensure proper absorption and minimize adverse effects. Mouth ulcers are not a common side effect of cephalosporins, but monitoring for superinfections, such as oral thrush, is important. Advising the patient to stop the medication when they feel better is incorrect, as it can lead to antibiotic resistance.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is receiving TPN at home. The visiting nurse assists the family with the care plan, which includes changing the TPN solution and tubing. What is the recommended initial frequency for changing the tubing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing instructions to a client receiving baclofen (Lioresal). Which of the following would be included in the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Baclofen is a muscle relaxant used to treat spasticity. Weakness is a potential side effect and should be reported to the physician, as it may indicate an adverse reaction or the need for dose adjustment. Limiting fluid intake is not typically recommended, and holding the medication due to diarrhea is not a standard instruction. While alcohol can enhance the sedative effects of baclofen, the primary concern is monitoring for weakness, which could impact the patient's safety and mobility.
Question 4 of 5
A client with myasthenia gravis frequently complains of weakness and fatigue. The physician plans to identify whether the client is responding to an overdose of the medication or a worsening of the disease. A tensilon test is performed. Which of the following would indicate that the client is experiencing an overdose of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a Tensilon test, edrophonium chloride is administered to differentiate between myasthenic crisis (worsening of the disease) and cholinergic crisis (overdose of medication). A temporary worsening of symptoms, such as increased weakness, indicates a cholinergic crisis due to an overdose of anticholinesterase medications. Improvement suggests myasthenic crisis, while no change is inconclusive. Muscle spasms are not specific to an overdose. Therefore, worsening symptoms indicate an overdose.
Question 5 of 5
An asymptomatic 46-year-old Indian woman is found to have an elevated serum calcium (2.80 mmol/L, corrected) at a 'well-woman' screening clinic. Other chemistries are normal, in particular phosphate is 0.8 mmol/L (normal range 0.8-1.45), and parathormone (PTH) is 5.4 pmol/L (normal range <0.9-5.4). She has a sedentary occupation in a northern UK city. Which of the following would be most suitable management?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mild hypercalcemia (2.80 mmol/L) with borderline PTH (5.4 pmol/L) suggests primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), common in asymptomatic women. Alfacalcidol treats hypocalcemia, not hypercalcemia. Sevelamer binds phosphate, irrelevant here. Teriparatide increases calcium, contraindicated. Surgical parathyroidectomy suits severe cases, but mild, asymptomatic PHPT (calcium <3.0 mmol/L) warrants watchful waiting with monitoring, most suitable to assess progression without immediate intervention. This conservative approach balances risks, especially in a sedentary northern climate lacking vitamin D excess.