A patient is recovering from abdominal surgery, which he had this morning. He is groggy but complaining of severe pain around his incision. What is the most important assessment data to consider before the nurse administers a dose of morphine sulfate to the patient?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: His respiratory rate. Before administering morphine sulfate, it is crucial to assess the patient's respiratory rate. Opioids like morphine can cause respiratory depression, especially in post-operative patients. Monitoring respiratory rate will help detect any signs of respiratory distress or depression, which can be life-threatening. Pulse rate (A) and appearance of the incision (C) are important but not as critical as respiratory rate in this scenario. The date of his last bowel movement (D) is not directly related to the immediate safety of administering morphine sulfate.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: 1. Amiodarone is the drug of choice for severe ventricular dysrhythmias like those seen in acute myocardial infarction. 2. It has potent antiarrhythmic properties and can stabilize the heart's electrical activity. 3. Diltiazem and verapamil are calcium channel blockers used for supraventricular dysrhythmias, not ventricular. 4. Adenosine is used for terminating supraventricular tachycardias, not ventricular dysrhythmias. 5. Choosing amiodarone in this scenario is crucial for managing the life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmias effectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Limit use of this spray to 3 to 5 days." Adrenergic decongestants, such as nasal sprays, can lead to rebound congestion if used for an extended period. Limiting the use to 3 to 5 days helps prevent this rebound effect. Other choices are incorrect as: A: "You won’t see effects for at least 1 week." - This is incorrect because adrenergic decongestants provide immediate relief. C: "Continue the spray until nasal stuffiness has resolved." - This is incorrect as prolonged use can lead to worsening symptoms. D: "Avoid use of this spray if a fever develops." - This is incorrect as fever is not a contraindication for using adrenergic decongestants.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Oily solutions can be injected. In the intramuscular route of drug administration, oily solutions can be injected due to the higher vascularity of muscle tissues, allowing for slower absorption and prolonged drug release. Oily solutions facilitate the absorption of lipid-soluble drugs. This route is suitable for drugs that require sustained release or have poor water solubility. Choices A and C are incorrect because not only water solutions but also oily and other types of solutions can be injected intramuscularly. Choice D is incorrect as intramuscular administration generally results in faster onset of action compared to oral administration.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Drug resistance refers to the ability of microbes or cancer cells to withstand the effects of drugs designed to kill or inhibit their growth. This loss of effectiveness is a significant concern in healthcare. Therefore, the statement that drug resistance is a term used to describe the loss of effectiveness of antimicrobial or antitumour drugs is TRUE. Summary of other choices: - B: FALSE - Incorrect, as drug resistance is a real phenomenon affecting the efficacy of drugs. - C: None of the above - Incorrect, as option A is correct. - D: All of the above - Incorrect, as not all options are valid; only option A is correct.