A patient is presented with fever, vomiting, hypotension and facial edema after his business trip back from Africa. Viral hemorrhagic fever is suspected in this patient. Which of the following family does the suspected virus belong to?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Filovirus. Filoviruses, such as Ebola and Marburg viruses, are known to cause viral hemorrhagic fevers and are commonly found in Africa. The symptoms presented by the patient align with those of filovirus infections. Togavirus (choice B) and Bunyavirus (choice D) are not typically associated with viral hemorrhagic fevers. Adenovirus (choice C) can cause respiratory and gastrointestinal infections but is not known to cause viral hemorrhagic fevers.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Myelodysplastic syndrome. Given the patient's age, symptoms, and bone marrow findings of myeloblasts with reduced erythropoiesis, it aligns with the characteristics of myelodysplastic syndrome. This condition involves abnormal blood cell production leading to cytopenias and an increased risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia. Acute myeloid leukemia (Choice A) typically presents with higher blast percentages and more aggressive symptoms. Acute lymphoid leukemia (Choice B) is less likely due to the presence of myeloblasts in the bone marrow. Myelofibrosis (Choice C) is characterized by fibrosis in the bone marrow, which is not indicated in this case.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because B cell phenotype is more common in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). This is supported by the fact that the majority of NHL cases arise from B cells in the lymphoid tissue. Choice A is incorrect as RS cells are characteristic of Hodgkin lymphoma, not NHL. Choice C is incorrect because NHL can involve non-contiguous lymph nodes. Choice D is incorrect because NHL can have a leukemic phase known as leukemic lymphoma.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Promastigote. In the laboratory diagnosis of leishmaniasis, the expected parasite stage in vitro is the promastigote form. This is because the promastigote form is the stage of the parasite that lives in the sandfly vector and is transmitted to humans, causing infection. In vitro, the promastigote form can be cultured and studied for diagnostic purposes. Incorrect choices: A: Amastigote - This is the intracellular form of the parasite found in mammalian hosts and not typically used for laboratory diagnosis. C: Trypomastigote - This form is typically associated with Trypanosoma species, not Leishmania. D: Schizont - This term is used for malaria parasites, not Leishmania parasites. In summary, the promastigote form is the most relevant stage for laboratory diagnosis of leishmaniasis due to its presence in the sandfly vector and its ability to

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, hereditary spherocytosis. This condition is characterized by a defect in red blood cell membrane proteins, leading to their premature destruction in the spleen, causing splenomegaly. In contrast, chronic renal failure (A) does not typically present with splenomegaly. Aplastic anemia (B) is characterized by bone marrow failure, not splenomegaly. Sickle cell anemia (D) is associated with splenomegaly in early childhood due to sequestration of damaged red blood cells, but splenomegaly usually resolves in later life.