ATI RN
Cardiovascular Drugs PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is prescribed enoxaparin. The nurse knows that low-molecular-weight heparin has what kind of half-life?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A longer half-life than heparin. Enoxaparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin, has a longer half-life than unfractionated heparin due to its higher bioavailability and slower clearance. Enoxaparin's longer half-life allows for less frequent dosing compared to unfractionated heparin. Choice B is incorrect because low-molecular-weight heparin has a longer half-life than unfractionated heparin. Choice C is incorrect as low-molecular-weight heparin has a longer half-life than unfractionated heparin. Choice D is incorrect as it states that the half-life of enoxaparin is four times shorter than unfractionated heparin, which is not true.
Question 2 of 5
A genetic counselor is called by the hospital to see patients with genetic questions or concerns. With which patient would it be most appropriate for the counselor to speak?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a pregnant patient with multiple sclerosis may have concerns about the impact of their condition and potential genetic risks for the baby. The genetic counselor can provide information on genetic factors, potential risks, and support options for the patient and their family. Incorrect choices: B: While mental health is important, a genetic counselor is not the most appropriate professional to address a recent suicide attempt. C: The number of drugs prescribed does not directly relate to genetic counseling needs. D: Schizophrenia and multiple hospital admissions may require psychiatric care but do not necessarily warrant genetic counseling unless there are specific genetic concerns related to the condition.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is to receive local anesthesia for removal of a lymph node from his armpit. The physician asks for a solution of premixed lidocaine and epinephrine. The nurse knows that the epinephrine is used for which reason?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because epinephrine is added to lidocaine to vasoconstrict blood vessels, keeping the anesthetic at its local site of action and decreasing incisional bleeding. This helps prolong the duration of anesthesia and reduces the risk of systemic toxicity. A: Incorrect. Epinephrine does not prevent an anaphylactic reaction; it is added for vasoconstrictive effects. B: Incorrect. The anesthetic does not enhance the effect of epinephrine. They have separate roles. C: Incorrect. Epinephrine does not contribute to a balanced anesthetic state; it primarily acts on blood vessels.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is reviewing drug therapy for hypertension. According to the JNC 7 guidelines, antihypertensive drug therapy for a newly diagnosed stage 1 hypertensive African-American patient would most likely include which drug or drug classes?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Calcium channel blockers with thiazide diuretics. This combination is recommended for African-American patients with hypertension according to the JNC 7 guidelines. Calcium channel blockers are effective in this population due to their ability to improve blood pressure control. Thiazide diuretics are also effective and can further reduce blood pressure when combined with calcium channel blockers. Choice A (Vasodilators alone) is not typically recommended as first-line therapy. Choice B (ACE inhibitors alone) may be less effective in African-American patients. Choice D (Beta blockers with thiazide diuretics) is not the preferred combination for this patient population based on current guidelines.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse notes in the patient’s medication orders that the patient will be starting anticoagulant therapy. What is the primary goal of anticoagulant therapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Preventing thrombus formation. Anticoagulant therapy works by inhibiting the formation of blood clots, preventing thrombus formation. This is crucial in conditions like atrial fibrillation or deep vein thrombosis to reduce the risk of clot formation and subsequent embolism. Stabilizing an existing thrombus (A) or dissolving it (B) are typically managed with other medications like antiplatelet or thrombolytic agents. Dilating the vessel around a clot (D) is not the primary goal of anticoagulant therapy.