A patient is planning to become pregnant. Which actions would the nurse counsel the patient to initiate before she stops taking her oral contraceptive? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A) Stop smoking immediately. Rationale: Smoking can have harmful effects on both the mother and the developing fetus during pregnancy. Smoking cessation before conception can reduce the risk of complications such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and birth defects. Summary of Other Choices: B) Taking omega-6 fatty acids: While omega-6 fatty acids are important for overall health, there is no specific indication or benefit related to pregnancy planning in this context. C) Taking a multivitamin: While taking a multivitamin is generally recommended for overall health, there is no specific indication or benefit related to pregnancy planning in this context.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Checking fetal heart rate. This is the priority nursing intervention after an amniotomy because it helps in assessing the well-being of the fetus and detecting any signs of distress. Monitoring uterine contractions (choice A) is important but secondary to ensuring fetal well-being. Assessing cervical dilation and effacement (choice C) is also important but not as immediate as ensuring fetal heart rate. Checking for umbilical cord compression (choice D) is crucial but typically presents with specific signs and symptoms, which can be assessed after ensuring fetal heart rate.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why answer D is correct: 1. The drug is given to prevent congenital ophthalmic diseases, emphasizing its importance. 2. Providing education to parents about the preventive nature of the drug helps them understand its purpose. 3. Administering the drug is crucial for the newborn's eye health, as congenital ophthalmic diseases can have serious consequences. Summary: A: Incorrect - Not all infants born preterm necessarily receive ophthalmic drugs. B: Incorrect - Eye ointments are typically administered in the lower conjunctival sac, not the bottom of the eye. C: Incorrect - Incomplete statement, lacking information about the drug's purpose. D: Correct - Emphasizes the preventive nature of the drug and its importance in preventing congenital ophthalmic diseases.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Hormone therapy (HT) is indicated for relieving menopausal symptoms like hot flashes. 2. HT is not indicated for preventing breast cancer, as it may actually increase the risk. 3. Studies show that HT does not prevent cardiovascular disease and may even increase the risk. 4. HT can help prevent osteoporosis in at-risk patients, but it is not the primary indication for prescribing HT in menopausal women.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because the patient has osteoporosis with a T score of -2.0, indicating a higher risk of fractures. Calcium and vitamin D supplementation are essential for bone health. The recommended daily intake is 1200 mg of calcium and 600 IU of vitamin D. This combination helps improve bone density and reduce fracture risk. Choice A is incorrect as it lacks the necessary vitamin D component. Choice B is incorrect as swimming and cycling are not weight-bearing exercises that help improve bone density. Choice C may be considered in severe cases but is not the first-line recommendation for a T score of -2.0.