A patient is placed on bed rest at home for mild preeclampsia at 38 weeks' gestation. Which of the following must the nurse teach the patient regarding her condition?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Report swollen hands and face. This is the most important instruction for a patient with mild preeclampsia at 38 weeks' gestation on home bed rest. Swelling, particularly in the hands and face, can indicate worsening preeclampsia, which is characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine. Option A, eating a sodium-restricted diet, is not the priority in this situation as it does not directly address the immediate risk associated with preeclampsia. Option B, checking temperature 4 times daily, is not relevant to monitoring preeclampsia. Option D, limiting fluids to 1 liter per day, is incorrect as adequate hydration is important unless specifically advised by a healthcare provider due to severe symptoms. From an educational perspective, it is crucial for nurses to emphasize the signs and symptoms of worsening preeclampsia to pregnant women to ensure timely intervention and prevention of complications for both the mother and the baby. Teaching patients about when and how to report concerning symptoms empowers them to be active participants in their healthcare and promotes positive outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, option D is the correct response. The nurse should inform the mother that the newborn screening tests for inborn diseases are typically performed by collecting blood from the baby's heel after the baby has been fed a few times. This process allows for a more accurate assessment of the newborn's health status. Option A is incorrect because collecting blood from the baby's umbilical cord at birth is typically done for other tests and not specifically for newborn screening tests. Option B is incorrect as testing the baby's first urine and stool is not the standard procedure for newborn screening tests. Option C is also incorrect because drawing a vial of blood when the baby is admitted to the nursery is not the typical timing for newborn screening tests. From an educational perspective, it is important for nurses to understand the correct procedures for newborn screening tests to provide accurate information to parents. This knowledge ensures that newborns receive appropriate and timely screening for early detection of potential health issues, allowing for prompt intervention and treatment. Understanding the rationale behind the correct answer helps nurses deliver quality care to both newborns and their families.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of high-risk pregnancy, it is crucial for the nurse to educate the young man on maximizing the effectiveness of condoms as a contraceptive method. The correct answer, option A, to use only water-soluble lubricants, is essential to ensure the integrity of the condom. Oil-based lubricants can weaken latex condoms, increasing the risk of breakage and reducing effectiveness in preventing pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Option B, using natural lambskin condoms, is not the best choice for high-risk pregnancies as they do not protect against STIs due to their porous nature. Option C, applying the condom to a flaccid penis, is incorrect as it may lead to improper fit and slippage during intercourse, compromising effectiveness. Option D, applying it tightly to the tip of the penis, can also increase the risk of breakage due to friction during intercourse. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of proper condom use in preventing unwanted pregnancies and STIs, especially in high-risk pregnancy situations where additional precautions may be necessary. Teaching individuals about the correct use of condoms and factors that can impact their effectiveness is crucial in promoting safe sexual practices and reproductive health.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this question pertaining to the male reproductive system and the hormone testosterone, the correct answer is option A: "Testosterone is what makes boys more muscular than girls." This answer is correct because testosterone is indeed the primary male sex hormone responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics, such as increased muscle mass, body hair growth, deepening of the voice, and sperm production. Option B is incorrect because testosterone levels in males do not fluctuate monthly like female hormones do with the menstrual cycle. Instead, testosterone levels in males remain relatively stable, with gradual decreases occurring with age. Option C is incorrect as testosterone is primarily produced by the testes in males, not the prostate gland. The prostate gland is responsible for producing prostatic fluid, not testosterone. Option D is incorrect as the production of testosterone does not usually stop by the time a man is fifty years old. While testosterone levels may decline with age, the production typically continues throughout a man's lifetime, although at lower levels. In an educational context, it is important for students to understand the role of testosterone in the male reproductive system to appreciate the physiological differences between males and females. Understanding the functions of testosterone can also help students comprehend the significance of hormonal balance in overall health and development.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) The girl will be short and sterile. Rationale: 1. The presence of 45, X indicates Turner syndrome, where a female is missing part or all of one X chromosome. This condition is associated with short stature and sterility due to ovarian dysgenesis. 2. Option A is incorrect as having Turner syndrome does not automatically mean the fetus is nonviable. With appropriate medical care, individuals with Turner syndrome can lead healthy lives. 3. Option B is incorrect because Turner syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality, not a normal female karyotype (46, XX). 4. Option C is incorrect as Turner syndrome does not result in hermaphroditism. It specifically affects females due to missing or incomplete X chromosome. Educational Context: Understanding karyotypes and genetic disorders like Turner syndrome is crucial in high-risk pregnancy assessment. Nurses must interpret amniocentesis results accurately to provide appropriate education and support to families facing genetic conditions. This knowledge helps in anticipating and addressing potential health concerns for the mother and fetus, ensuring comprehensive care throughout the pregnancy and beyond.