ATI RN
Infection Prevention and Control NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is placed on Airborne Precautions for pulmonary tuberculosis. The nurse notes that the patient seems to be angry, but the nurse recognizes that this is a normal response to isolation. Which is the nurse’s best intervention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C Rationale: 1. Explanation of isolation procedures helps the patient understand the necessity of precautions. 2. Providing meaningful stimulation can alleviate boredom and feelings of isolation. 3. It promotes patient autonomy and empowerment. 4. It addresses the emotional needs of the patient. 5. It is essential in maintaining effective communication and trust with the patient. Incorrect Choices: A: Providing a dark, quiet room may worsen feelings of isolation and contribute to the patient's distress. B: Reducing precautions compromises infection control and risks spreading the disease. D: Limiting family visits may increase feelings of loneliness and isolation, negatively impacting the patient's emotional well-being.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse on the medical/surgical floor is caring for an elderly, postoperative patient with dementia who is in restraints because she refuses to stay in bed or keep her IVs in. The nurse knows that she will have to provide range of motion exercises and ask if the patient needs to use the restroom how often?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: every 2 hours. For elderly patients in restraints, it is crucial to prevent complications like pressure ulcers, muscle atrophy, and urinary retention. Providing range of motion exercises every 2 hours helps maintain joint mobility and prevent contractures. Asking the patient about restroom needs every 2 hours ensures timely toileting to prevent urinary retention and related issues. Option A (every 6 hours) is too infrequent and increases the risk of complications. Option C (every 8 hours) and Option D (every 4 hours) are also not as optimal as they do not provide the necessary frequency required for the patient's care.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is admitting a 70-year-old patient for a procedure. The patient has type I diabetes mellitus with significant peripheral neuropathy, atrial fibrillation controlled with antiarrhythmic medications, and osteoarthritis bilaterally in his knees. He is also on anticoagulants with an INR of 3.0. Given that the nurse knows about the individual risk factors that raise the risk of a fall, accident, or injury while hospitalized, which of the following should be identified as the most significant risk factor for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: peripheral neuropathy. Peripheral neuropathy significantly impairs sensation and coordination, increasing the risk of falls and injuries. The patient's age and comorbidities like diabetes, atrial fibrillation, and anticoagulant therapy already pose risks, but peripheral neuropathy directly affects the patient's ability to perceive and react to potential hazards, making it the most significant risk factor in this case. Atrial fibrillation and anticoagulant therapy increase the risk of bleeding but are not directly related to falls. Bilateral knee osteoarthritis may contribute to mobility issues but is not as directly associated with fall risk as peripheral neuropathy.
Question 4 of 5
Select the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) that will be applied prior to entering the room of a patient with influenza.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: mask. Prior to entering the room of a patient with influenza, wearing a mask is crucial to prevent the spread of respiratory droplets containing the virus. Masks provide a barrier to protect the wearer from inhaling infectious particles. Gloves (A) are important for direct contact with the patient or contaminated surfaces. Gowns (C) are used to protect clothing from contamination. Goggles (D) are typically not required for influenza as the primary mode of transmission is through respiratory droplets, not through contact with infected fluids.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient receiving intravenous drug therapy via an infusion pump. The pump continues to sound an alarm and the nurse is unsure if it is administering the drug correctly. Which of these is the correct course of action for the nurse to follow?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct course of action for the nurse is D. First, discontinuing the infusion ensures patient safety. Next, replacing the pump with a functioning one guarantees proper drug administration. Restarting the infusion maintains therapy continuity. Labeling the broken pump allows for proper identification and handling of faulty equipment. Placing the broken pump in a designated area prevents its inadvertent reuse. Overall, this approach prioritizes patient safety, continuity of care, and proper equipment management.