ATI RN
ATI Proctored Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is mowing his lawn on a hot Saturday afternoon. He begins to notice chest pain. What should his first action be?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When a patient begins to experience chest pain, especially during physical activity like mowing the lawn on a hot day, the first action should be to stop the activity immediately and sit or lie down. This is because chest pain could be a sign of a serious issue like a heart attack. By stopping the physical activity and resting, the patient can help reduce the workload on the heart and potentially prevent further strain or damage. It is important to take chest pain seriously and seek medical attention promptly.
Question 2 of 5
A 39-year-old man with long-standing allergies has no health insurance and simply takes over-the-counter diphenhydramine for symptom relief. He has no other medical problems but uses this medication up to four times per day. Which of the following effects of this medication is possible to be experienced by this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diphenhydramine's frequent use risks dizziness , an anticholinergic effect. Appetite enhancement isn't typical. Hypotension and bradycardia are less common. Urinary retention (E) occurs but isn't listed. Dizziness reflects CNS depression from high dosing.
Question 3 of 5
A client is prescribed spironolactone (Aldactone) for hypertension. Which electrolyte should the nurse monitor closely?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, treats hypertension by blocking aldosterone, reducing sodium reabsorption while retaining potassium . This risks hyperkalemia (>5.0 mEq/L), causing arrhythmias or muscle weakness, especially in renal impairment. Monitoring potassium closely ensures early detection, critical for safety. Sodium may drop mildly but isn't the primary concern. Calcium and magnesium aren't directly affected. Potassium's elevation aligns with spironolactone's mechanism, distinct from other diuretics that deplete it, making it the priority electrolyte. Regular checks (e.g., serum levels) prevent toxicity, particularly in hypertension where cardiac stability is key, thus B is the nurse's focus for vigilant monitoring and timely intervention.
Question 4 of 5
Metronidazole is effective in the treatment of ____ (select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metronidazole is a versatile antibiotic that is effective in the treatment of various infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and parasites.
Question 5 of 5
A client calls the clinic and tells the nurse that she has missed taking several of her contraceptive pills during the current cycle. What is the best instruction for the nurse to give the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Missing oral contraceptive pills reduces their efficacy, increasing pregnancy risk. If several pills are missed , the hormonal protection is compromised, requiring an alternative method (e.g., condoms) for the cycle's remainder to prevent conception. Immediate pregnancy testing assesses outcome, not prevention. Suggesting a new method addresses future planning, not current risk. Choice C underestimates the risk, as even fewer than three missed pills can disrupt efficacy, depending on timing. The nurse's best instruction (D) ensures immediate protection, aligning with contraceptive guidelines for missed doses, prioritizing safety and efficacy.