ATI RN
foundations of nursing practice questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is exploring treatment options after being diagnosed with age-related cataracts that affect her vision. What treatment is most likely to be used in this patients care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Surgical intervention. Cataracts are a clouding of the lens in the eye, which can lead to vision impairment. Surgery is the most common and effective treatment for cataracts, involving the removal of the cloudy lens and replacement with an artificial one. Antioxidant supplements (Choice A) may help prevent cataracts but are not a treatment for existing ones. Eyeglasses or magnifying lenses (Choice B) can help with vision correction but do not address the cataracts themselves. Corticosteroid eye drops (Choice C) are used for treating inflammation in the eye, not cataracts. Therefore, surgical intervention is the most appropriate treatment option for age-related cataracts.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is admitting a 55-year-old male patient diagnosed with a retinal detachment in his left eye. While assessing this patient, what characteristic symptom would the nurse expect to find?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why A is correct: 1. Retinal detachment causes traction on the retina. 2. Traction on the retina can stimulate photoreceptors. 3. Stimulation of photoreceptors can lead to perception of flashing lights. 4. Therefore, the characteristic symptom of retinal detachment is flashing lights in the visual field. Summary: B: Sudden eye pain is not a characteristic symptom of retinal detachment. C: Loss of color vision is not typically associated with retinal detachment. D: Colored halos around lights are more indicative of conditions like glaucoma or corneal edema, not retinal detachment.
Question 3 of 5
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most common cause of retinal inflammation in patients with AIDS. What drug, surgically implanted, is used for the acute stage of CMV retinitis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Ganciclovir is the correct answer for the acute stage of CMV retinitis in AIDS patients. It is an antiviral drug that specifically targets CMV. Ganciclovir works by inhibiting viral DNA synthesis, effectively controlling CMV replication in the eye. Pilocarpine (A) is a miotic used for glaucoma, not for CMV retinitis. Penicillin (B) is an antibiotic effective against bacterial infections, not viral infections like CMV. Gentamicin (D) is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections, not viral infections like CMV.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with low vision has called the clinic and asked the nurse for help with acquiring some lowvision aids. What else can the nurse offer to help this patient manage his low vision?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The patient has diabetes. Diabetes can lead to diabetic retinopathy, a common cause of low vision. By knowing the patient's medical history, the nurse can recommend appropriate low vision aids and refer the patient to an ophthalmologist for further evaluation and management. Incorrect choices: A: The patient uses OTC NSAIDs - NSAIDs are not relevant to managing low vision. B: The patient has a history of stroke - A history of stroke is not directly related to low vision. D: The patient has Asian ancestry - Ancestry is not a factor in managing low vision.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is ready to be discharged home after a cataract extraction with intraocular lens implant and the nurse is reviewing signs and symptoms that need to be reported to the ophthalmologist immediately. Which of the patients statements best demonstrates an adequate understanding?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I need to call the doctor if I see flashing lights." This is because seeing flashing lights after cataract extraction with intraocular lens implant can be a sign of a serious complication like retinal detachment. Prompt reporting is crucial to prevent vision loss. Choice A is incorrect because nausea is not typically a sign of a complication related to cataract surgery. Choice B is also incorrect as a light morning discharge is normal post-surgery unless it's excessive or associated with pain or visual changes. Choice C is incorrect as a scratchy feeling is common after surgery and usually resolves on its own.