Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The nurse's best action in this situation would be to administer the ordered antibiotic trimethoprim (Trimpex). A urinary tract infection (UTI) requires antibiotic treatment to eliminate the bacterial infection causing the symptoms. Phenazopyridine hydrochloride is a urinary tract analgesic that can help relieve urinary pain but does not treat the infection itself. Bethanechol is a cholinergic medication used to treat urinary retention, not a UTI. Acetaminophen and a warm bath may help with some discomfort but do not address the underlying infection causing the urinary pain. Therefore, administering the prescribed antibiotic would be the most appropriate action to target the source of the patient's symptoms.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The member of the health team responsible for preparing pre-operative orders for a patient undergoing surgery, such as a coronary arterial bypass graft (CABG), is typically the anesthesiologist. Anesthesiologists are specialized physicians who are trained to administer anesthesia and manage the patient's well-being during surgery. They are responsible for assessing the patient's medical history, determining the appropriate anesthesia plan, and prescribing pre-operative medications. Cardiologists focus on diagnosing and treating heart conditions, surgeons perform the actual surgical procedure, and medical internists specialize in the diagnosis and non-surgical treatment of internal diseases. The anesthesiologist plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety and comfort of the patient before, during, and after surgery.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Ectopic pregnancy is a common complication of untreated gonorrhea or chlamydia infection in women. This occurs when a fertilized egg implants and grows outside the uterus, typically in one of the fallopian tubes. Both gonorrhea and chlamydia can lead to scarring of the fallopian tubes due to untreated inflammation and infection. This scarring may obstruct the fallopian tubes, making it difficult for the fertilized egg to travel to the uterus for implantation. As a result, the egg may implant and grow in the fallopian tube, leading to an ectopic pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancies are dangerous and can result in serious complications for the woman, including rupture of the fallopian tube, internal bleeding, and potentially life-threatening situations. It is crucial to seek prompt treatment for gonorrhea and chlamydia to prevent such severe outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The ethical principle of beneficence, which is the basis of every nursing action in all work settings, emphasizes the importance of doing good at all times for the benefit of the patient. Nurses are expected to act in the best interest of their patients and strive to promote their well-being and welfare. This principle guides nurses to provide care that is compassionate, effective, and in line with the patient's needs and preferences. By prioritizing the good of the patient in all actions and decisions, nurses uphold the principle of beneficence and demonstrate their commitment to promoting positive outcomes for those under their care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: For a patient diagnosed with a hemorrhagic stroke, the caregiver should ensure that the bed is positioned in a High-Fowler's position. This position involves elevating the head of the bed between 60 to 90 degrees. Elevating the head of the bed helps to reduce intracranial pressure and promote optimal cerebral perfusion. It also assists in maintaining proper ventilation and oxygenation, which are essential for the patient's recovery. It is important to avoid positioning the patient flat or in a prone position as these may exacerbate the condition and lead to further complications.