A patient is brought to the emergency department for treatment of a suspected overdose. The patient was found with an empty prescription bottle of a barbiturate by his bedside. He is lethargic and barely breathing. The nurse would expect which immediate intervention?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Implementing measures to maintain the airway and support respirations. In cases of a suspected barbiturate overdose, the priority is to ensure the patient has a patent airway and is able to breathe adequately. This intervention is crucial as barbiturates can depress the central nervous system, leading to respiratory depression or even respiratory arrest. By maintaining the airway and supporting respirations, the nurse can prevent further complications such as hypoxia and ensure the patient's vital functions are stable. Other choices are incorrect: A: Starting an intravenous infusion of diluted bicarbonate solution - While bicarbonate may be used in certain cases of drug toxicity to correct acidosis, it is not the immediate intervention needed for a patient with a suspected barbiturate overdose. B: Administering medications to increase blood pressure - This is not the priority in a case of barbiturate overdose where respiratory depression is the main concern. D: Administrating naloxone (Nar

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Myopathy is a known side effect of this class of antilipemic drugs, such as atorvastatin or simvastatin. These drugs can cause muscle pain or weakness due to muscle breakdown. Niacin (A), fibric acid derivatives (C), and bile acid sequestrants (D) do not typically cause myopathy as a side effect. It's important for the nurse to monitor for muscle pain in patients taking HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors to promptly address any potential complications.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Instruct the patient to take the medication through a plastic straw. This is because iron supplements can stain teeth, and using a straw can help minimize direct contact with teeth, reducing the risk of staining. A: Having the patient take the liquid iron with milk is incorrect as calcium in milk can interfere with iron absorption. C: Having the patient sip the medication slowly is not necessary for the administration of iron supplements. D: Having the patient drink the medication undiluted from the unit-dose cup increases the risk of teeth staining.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because a receptor is a specific active macromolecular component of a cell or organism that a drug molecule must bind to in order to elicit a specific effect. This definition aligns with the concept of receptors in pharmacology. A is incorrect because ion channels are not necessarily receptors. B is incorrect because enzymes involved in oxidizing-reducing reactions are not typically considered receptors. D is incorrect because carriers are not the same as receptors in pharmacology. In summary, answer C is the most appropriate as it accurately defines the role of a receptor in pharmacology, while the other choices do not align with the definition of a receptor.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because local anesthetics are usually made available as salts due to their greater water solubility and stability. Water-soluble salts are easier to dissolve and distribute in the body, enhancing their effectiveness. Additionally, the stability of salts ensures a longer shelf life and reduces the risk of degradation. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because local anesthetics as salts do not necessarily lead to less toxicity, higher stability, greater lipid solubility, less local tissue damage, or more potency.