ATI RN
Genitourinary Review of Systems Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is being treated with furosemide and Digoxin because of CHF. She * developed UTI. Which of the following antibiotics should NOT be prescribed?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Gentamycin. Gentamycin is not recommended in this case due to its potential for nephrotoxicity, especially in patients already receiving furosemide. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can also cause kidney damage, so combining it with Gentamycin increases the risk of further renal impairment. Cotrimoxazole (A) and Ampicillin (D) are commonly used antibiotics that do not have significant interactions with furosemide and Digoxin. Ciprofloxacin (B) is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is generally safe to use in patients with CHF and UTI.
Question 2 of 5
Which is incorrect regarding the investigation of UTI?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because a positive dipstick for leucocyte esterase is not 96% specific for >10 wbc/mm³. Leucocyte esterase can indicate the presence of white blood cells, but it does not quantitatively correlate with a specific wbc count. Therefore, it cannot be used to accurately determine the exact wbc count in the urine sample. A: The sensitivity of dipstick for nitrites being 96% means it is good at detecting nitrites, which are a sign of bacterial infection in the urine. C: A bacterial culture with >10^5 colony-forming units has a high probability of representing infection, typically around 95%. D: Blood cultures are not routinely used for diagnosing UTIs; urine culture is the primary method. Blood cultures are more often used for systemic infections.
Question 3 of 5
A 1mm renal calculi in the ureter will most likely impact at
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: the pelvi-ureteric junction. A 1mm renal calculi is most likely to impact at this location because the pelvi-ureteric junction is the narrowest part of the ureter, making it more susceptible to blockages. The size of the calculi is small enough to get lodged at this site, causing obstruction and symptoms. The other choices are incorrect because the vesico-ureteric junction and bladder orifice are wider areas, less likely to be obstructed by a small calculi. The pelvic brim is not a common site for renal calculi obstruction.
Question 4 of 5
Which statement concerning the testes is true?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The cremaster muscle contracts in response to cold and draws the testicles closer to the body. This is true because the cremaster muscle is responsible for regulating the position of the testicles in response to temperature changes to maintain optimal conditions for sperm production. The other choices are incorrect because: A: The lymphatic vessels of the testes drain into the para-aortic lymph nodes, not the abdominal lymph nodes. B: The vas deferens is a duct that carries sperm from the testes to the urethra, not located along the inferior portion of each testis. C: The difference in height between the testes is due to differences in the descent of the testes during fetal development, not the length of the spermatic cord.
Question 5 of 5
When performing a scrotal assessment, the nurse notices that the scrotal contents show a red glow with transillumination. On the basis of this finding the nurse would:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assess the patient for the presence of a hernia. When scrotal contents show a red glow with transillumination, it indicates the presence of serous fluid or air, which can occur in a hernia. A hernia can cause the scrotal contents to be illuminated due to the presence of fluid or air. Other choices are incorrect because option C is misleading as serous fluid would not cause transillumination. Option D is incorrect as this finding is not normal and requires further assessment. Option B is incomplete and not related to the finding.