ATI RN
Maternity and Pediatric Nursing 4th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is being taught the action of digoxin, which is an inotropic agent. The nurse defines an inotropic agent as a medication that has which of the following actions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An inotropic agent, such as digoxin, is a medication that strengthens the contraction of the heart muscle. It works by increasing the force of each heartbeat, helping the heart pump more efficiently. This can be beneficial in conditions such as heart failure or certain types of arrhythmias where the heart's pumping ability is compromised. Inotropic agents do not decrease heart rate, increase conduction time, or increase heart rate; their primary action is to enhance the heart's contractility.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is conducting an admission assessment on a school-age child with acute renal failure. Which are the primary clinical manifestations the nurse expects to find with this condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Acute renal failure is characterized by a sudden decrease in kidney function, resulting in the reduced ability to excrete waste products and maintain fluid balance. The primary clinical manifestations typically seen in acute renal failure include oliguria (low urine output) due to decreased kidney function, and hypertension (high blood pressure) as the body retains excess fluid and waste products. These symptoms indicate impaired kidney function and the need for immediate medical intervention to prevent further complications. Hematuria, proteinuria, muscle cramps, bacteriuria, and facial edema are not typically primary clinical manifestations of acute renal failure.
Question 3 of 5
The pediatric nurse advises a parent how to best convey the circumstances surrounding the sudden death of an 18-month-old patient to a four-year-old sibling. The nurse anticipates that the sibling:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Young children often struggle with understanding death and may internalize feelings of guilt, believing they had a role in the event.
Question 4 of 5
Bennett was rushed to the emergency department with possible increased intracranial pressure (ICP); which of the following is an early clinical manifestation of increased ICP in older children? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Papilledema is a common early clinical manifestation of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in older children. Papilledema is defined as optic disc swelling due to increased ICP transmitted to the optic nerve sheath. This can be visualized during a fundoscopic examination. It is important to identify papilledema promptly as it may signify increased ICP, which requires urgent evaluation and management to prevent potential complications. While other signs like Macewen's sign, Setting sun sign, and Diplopia can also indicate increased ICP, papilledema is a more specific sign seen in older children.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following tests would the nurse use as an initial screening test to determine hearing loss?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse would use the whisper voice test as an initial screening test to determine hearing loss. This test involves the nurse whispering a series of words or numbers from a distance behind the patient to assess their ability to hear and repeat the whispered words accurately. This test is quick, easy, and can be performed in a quiet environment without the need for special equipment, making it an effective initial screening tool for hearing loss. The Romberg test assesses balance, the caloric test evaluates vestibular function, and the otoscopic examination is used to assess the external ear canal and eardrum, but none of these tests specifically assess hearing loss.