ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice A Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is being discharged on anticoagulant therapy. The nurse will include in the patient- education conversation that it is important to avoid herbal products that contain which substance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ginkgo is the herbal product to avoid because it can interact with anticoagulant therapy and increase the risk of bleeding. Ginkgo has blood-thinning properties, which can further potentiate the anticoagulant effects of medications like warfarin, increasing the risk of bleeding complications. It's essential for patients on anticoagulant therapy to avoid herbal products containing ginkgo to prevent adverse effects and ensure the effectiveness of their prescribed medication.
Question 2 of 5
When administering heparin subcutaneously, the nurse will follow which procedure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When administering heparin subcutaneously, the nurse should use a - to -inch, 25- to 30-gauge needle to inject the medication into the subcutaneous tissue. This needle size is appropriate for delivering the medication effectively and safely in the subcutaneous layer rather than deeper into the muscle. Using the correct needle size helps ensure proper absorption and reduces the risk of complications such as bleeding or bruising at the injection site.
Question 3 of 5
Phenytoin is an antiarrhythmic and anticonvulsant that has an unlabeled use for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenytoin is primarily known as an antiarrhythmic and anticonvulsant medication. However, it also has an unlabeled or off-label use for the management of neuropathic pain. Neuropathic pain is a condition that arises from damage or dysfunction affecting the nerves and can be challenging to treat. Phenytoin's mechanism of action in the central nervous system makes it potentially effective for neuropathic pain conditions, even though it is not its primary indication. It can help alleviate nerve-related pain, such as that associated with conditions like diabetic neuropathy or post-herpetic neuralgia. It is important to note that using medications for off-label purposes should be done under the guidance of a healthcare professional familiar with the drug's properties and potential side effects.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is aware that the following solutions are routinely used to flush an IV device before and after the administration of blood to a patient is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 0.9 percent sodium chloride, also known as normal saline, is routinely used to flush an IV device before and after the administration of blood to a patient. Normal saline is isotonic, meaning it has a similar concentration of salt and water as the body's cells. This makes it compatible for use in various medical procedures, including flushing IV devices to ensure patency and prevent clotting. Other solutions like 5 percent dextrose in water, sterile water, and heparin sodium are not typically used for flushing IV devices before and after blood administration.
Question 5 of 5
When taking Nitroglycerine (transdermal), you should have how many hours nitrate free each day?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When using Nitroglycerine transdermal patches, it is recommended to have a nitrate-free period of at least 10-12 hours each day to prevent the development of tolerance to the medication. Continuous exposure to nitrates can lead to a decrease in efficacy over time. By having a nitrate-free interval each day, the body has a chance to "reset" and maintain the effectiveness of the medication for angina control. It is crucial to follow this dosing schedule as directed by a healthcare provider to ensure optimal benefits and reduce the risk of tolerance.