A patient is being admitted for bariatric surgery. Which nursing action can the nurse delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because planning methods for turning the patient after surgery is a task that can be safely delegated to unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP). This task does not require specialized nursing knowledge or assessment skills. The nurse can provide clear instructions and guidelines for turning the patient to prevent complications such as pressure ulcers. Choices A, C, and D involve tasks that require specialized nursing knowledge and skills. Demonstrating the use of the incentive spirometer (A) requires knowledge of respiratory care, assisting with IV insertion (C) involves aseptic technique and assessment skills, and developing strategies to provide privacy (D) involves patient-centered care and communication skills.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: superior constrictor. This muscle contracts to close off the upper part of the esophagus during breathing to prevent air from entering. The superior constrictor is located at the top of the esophagus near the pharynx. The middle and inferior constrictors are not involved in this function, as they mainly help in swallowing. The esophageal muscle is not responsible for preventing air entry into the esophagus during breathing. Therefore, the correct choice is A based on its anatomical location and function in preventing air passage.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: glycogen. The liver stores glycogen as a form of energy storage. Glycogen is a polysaccharide made up of glucose molecules. When the body needs energy, glycogen is broken down into glucose to be used as fuel. Nucleic acids (A) are not stored for energy; they are essential for genetic material. Glucose (C) is utilized for immediate energy needs and not stored in large quantities. Vitamins (D) are essential nutrients but are not stored in significant amounts for energy purposes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: lipase. Lipase is an enzyme that breaks down lipids (fats), while the other enzymes listed (sucrase, maltase, lactase) are all involved in carbohydrate digestion. Lipase acts on a different substrate compared to the others, making it the odd one out in this group. Sucrase breaks down sucrose, maltase breaks down maltose, and lactase breaks down lactose. Therefore, A does not belong with the others as it does not share the same function of breaking down carbohydrates like the rest of the enzymes listed.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cholecystokinin and secretin. Cholecystokinin stimulates the release of pancreatic enzymes, while secretin stimulates the production of bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice. Insulin and glucagon regulate blood sugar levels, not pancreatic juice. Gastrin primarily stimulates the release of gastric acid, not pancreatic juice. Angiotensin and epinephrine are involved in regulating blood pressure and the fight-or-flight response, not pancreatic juice secretion.