A patient is admitted with a diagnosis of renal failure. He also mentions that he has stomach distress and ha ingested numerous antacid tablets over the past 2 days. His blood pressure is 110/70, his face is flushed, and he is experiencing generalized weakness. Choose the most likely magnesium (Mg ) value.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The patient's presentation suggests that he may be suffering from hypermagnesemia (high magnesium levels) due to excessive ingestion of antacid tablets. Symptoms of hypermagnesemia can include flushing, weakness, and low blood pressure. A serum magnesium level of 11mEq/L is consistent with hypermagnesemia. In this scenario, the other values (2mEq/L, 5mEq/L, 1mEq/L) are unlikely to be the correct magnesium level based on the patient's symptoms and history of antacid ingestion.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Vitamin D is essential for the absorption of calcium in the body. Without sufficient vitamin D, the absorption of calcium from the diet is impaired, leading to potential issues with calcium deficiency. Vitamin A, B, and C do not have a direct role in the absorption of calcium. Vitamin D helps regulate the amount of calcium and phosphate in the body, which are necessary for bone health, muscle function, and other important processes. Therefore, a lack of Vitamin D can contribute to weakened bones and potential health problems related to calcium deficiency.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The precaution a nurse should take to minimize the risk of deaths occurring when potassium chloride is used incorrectly to flush a lock or central venous catheter is to read labels carefully on vials containing flush solutions for locks. This is essential to ensure that the correct solution is being used and to prevent accidental administration of potassium chloride, which can be fatal if used inappropriately. By carefully checking the labels, the nurse can confirm that they are using the correct flush solution and avoid any harmful errors. This simple precaution can help in ensuring patient safety and preventing adverse outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Epinephrine is a vasoconstrictor, which means it causes blood vessels to narrow. When applied locally to the site of a nosebleed, epinephrine constricts the blood vessels in the nose, slowing down and stopping the bleeding. By constricting the blood vessels, epinephrine helps to reduce the blood flow to the area, allowing a clot to form and stop the bleeding. This is why option D, "It will constrict your vessels and slow down the bleeding," is the best response by the nurse to explain how epinephrine will help treat a nosebleed.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: An initial sign or symptom of acute bronchitis is a nonproductive cough. This type of cough produces little to no phlegm or sputum. As the condition progresses, the cough may become productive, with the production of thick yellow or green mucus. Other common symptoms of acute bronchitis may include chest discomfort, fatigue, mild fever, and sore throat. Labored breathing is more commonly associated with conditions such as pneumonia or asthma, while anorexia and gastric ulceration are not typically initial signs of acute bronchitis.