ATI RN
Hematological System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is admitted to determine why red blood cells are being quickly destructed in the body. What finding should the nurse associate with this patient's health problem?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Jaundice. Jaundice is a yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes due to high levels of bilirubin in the blood, which can occur when red blood cells are being destroyed rapidly. Bilirubin is a byproduct of the breakdown of red blood cells. Therefore, the presence of jaundice indicates excessive red blood cell destruction. Summary: - B: Bleeding is not directly related to the destruction of red blood cells. - C: Diarrhea does not typically indicate red blood cell destruction. - D: Cyanosis is a bluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen, not directly linked to red blood cell destruction.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is prescribed to receive 2 units of packed red blood cells. What approach should the nurse use to ensure that the correct blood will be provided to this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Follow the organization's verification process. This approach ensures patient safety by using a systematic verification process to match the blood product with the patient, including checking the patient's identification, verifying the order, and confirming the blood product before administration. Checking the patient's arm band (A) may not be sufficient for blood product verification. Checking the order on the medical record (B) is important but may not involve the necessary steps to ensure correct blood matching. Assuming the correct blood was provided (D) is dangerous and can lead to serious consequences if an error occurs.
Question 3 of 5
A patient who underwent lymphangiography the day before asks the licensed practical nurse (LPN), “Why does my urine look blue?†What should the LPN respond to this patient's concern?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the dye used in lymphangiography can cause bluish skin and urine for up to 2 days. This is a known side effect of the procedure and is not a cause for concern. Choice A is incorrect because dismissing the patient's concern without explanation is not appropriate. Choice B is incorrect because there is no need to notify the RN and physician immediately for this known side effect. Choice C is incorrect because the blue urine does not necessarily indicate abnormal results, but rather a normal reaction to the dye used.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has a platelet count of 75,000 /mm³. What action should the nurse take to support this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct action is to restrict blood draws. With a platelet count of 75,000 /mm³, the patient is at risk for bleeding due to thrombocytopenia. Restricting blood draws helps prevent unnecessary bleeding. Placing in protective isolation (B) is not necessary for low platelet count. Wearing a mask (C) does not directly address the risk of bleeding. Documenting rectal temperatures (D) is unrelated to managing thrombocytopenia.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse assesses a patient with pernicious anemia. Which assessment finding would the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Numbness of the extremities. Pernicious anemia is caused by a deficiency in vitamin B12, leading to nerve damage. Numbness in the extremities is a common symptom due to neurological complications. Yellow-tinged sclerae (A) are seen in jaundice, not pernicious anemia. A shiny smooth tongue (B) is characteristic of glossitis, not pernicious anemia. Gum bleeding and tenderness (D) are more indicative of periodontal disease or vitamin C deficiency, not pernicious anemia.