ATI RN
Integumentary System Multiple Choice Questions and Answers PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient is a 78-year-old woman who has had chronic respiratory disease for 30 years. She weighs 212 lb (96.4 kg) and is 5 ft, 1 in (152.5 cm) tall. She has recently completed corticosteroid and antibiotic treatment for an exacerbation of her respiratory disease. Identify specific predisposing factors for bacterial skin infection in this patient.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this case, the correct answer is D) All the above. The patient's obesity, recent antibiotic use, and chronic illness are specific predisposing factors for bacterial skin infection. Obesity can lead to skin folds and moisture, creating an environment conducive to bacterial growth. Recent antibiotic use can disrupt the normal flora of the skin, making it more susceptible to colonization by pathogenic bacteria. Chronic illness, especially respiratory diseases like in this patient's case, can weaken the immune system, reducing the body's ability to fight off infections. Option A, obesity, is a common predisposing factor for bacterial skin infections due to the reasons mentioned above. Option B, recent antibiotic use, can alter the skin's microbiome and increase the risk of opportunistic infections. Option C, chronic illness, can compromise the immune system, making the patient more susceptible to infections. Educationally, it is important to understand these predisposing factors as healthcare providers to assess patients holistically and provide appropriate preventive measures and treatments. Addressing these factors can help reduce the risk of skin infections and improve overall patient outcomes.
Question 2 of 5
Priority Decision: A patient is receiving chemotherapy. She calls the physician’s office and says she is experiencing itching in her groin and under her breasts. What is the first nursing assessment that would be done before the nurse makes an appointment for the patient with the physician to determine the treatment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) What the areas look like. This is the first nursing assessment that should be done before making an appointment with the physician because assessing the appearance of the affected areas will provide crucial information about the nature and severity of the itching. This visual assessment will help the nurse determine if there are any visible signs of infection, inflammation, or other skin issues that may require immediate attention. Option A) Her height and weight is unrelated to the immediate assessment needed for the itching in the groin and under the breasts. Option C) If chemotherapy was completed is also irrelevant to the assessment of the current itching symptoms. Option D) Culture and sensitivity of the areas would be a secondary assessment and not the priority in this situation. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to prioritize assessments based on the patient's presenting symptoms to provide timely and appropriate care. Understanding the significance of visual assessments in dermatological issues is crucial for nurses caring for patients undergoing chemotherapy, as they are at higher risk for skin-related side effects.
Question 3 of 5
Steps to prevent a pressure ulcer may include:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) Avoiding pressure on the heels of a bed-bound patient. This is a crucial step in preventing pressure ulcers, also known as bedsores. Pressure ulcers occur due to prolonged pressure on specific areas of the body, leading to tissue damage. By avoiding pressure on the heels, blood circulation is maintained, reducing the risk of tissue breakdown. Option A) Not disturbing the patient is incorrect because while minimizing movement can be beneficial in some cases, it is not a specific preventive measure for pressure ulcers. In fact, proper repositioning is essential to prevent pressure ulcers. Option B) Changing the position of a bed-bound patient every 4 to 6 hours is a recommended preventive measure for pressure ulcers. However, it is not specific to the heels and may not be frequent enough to prevent heel ulcers specifically. Option C) Vigorously rubbing the skin with alcohol is not recommended as it can irritate the skin and cause damage, increasing the risk of pressure ulcers rather than preventing them. Educational Context: Understanding the steps to prevent pressure ulcers is crucial for healthcare professionals, caregivers, and anyone involved in the care of bed-bound patients. Proper positioning, relieving pressure points, maintaining skin integrity, and ensuring adequate nutrition and hydration are all key components in preventing pressure ulcers. Emphasizing the importance of these preventive measures can significantly improve patient outcomes and quality of care.
Question 4 of 5
In developing a care plan for a client with psoriasis, the nurse knows that psoriasis is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In developing a care plan for a client with psoriasis, the nurse must understand the nature of the condition. The correct answer is A) familial and chronic. Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition that tends to run in families, hence familial. Understanding this helps the nurse provide appropriate long-term care and support for the client. Option B) contagious and acute is incorrect because psoriasis is not contagious; it is not caused by a virus or bacteria. It is also not acute, as it is a chronic condition that can have flare-ups but generally persists over time. Option C) toxic and drug-related is incorrect because while certain medications or environmental factors can exacerbate psoriasis, the condition itself is not inherently toxic nor solely drug-related. Option D) bacterial and fungal is incorrect as psoriasis is not caused by bacteria or fungi. It is an immune-mediated condition that affects the skin. Educational context: Understanding the nature of psoriasis is crucial for nurses to provide holistic care to clients. By knowing that psoriasis is familial and chronic, nurses can better educate clients on managing their condition, provide emotional support, and ensure proper treatment adherence. This knowledge also helps in dispelling myths or misconceptions about psoriasis, promoting empathy and understanding in healthcare settings.
Question 5 of 5
Your client asks you how you decided that he has a 20% burn. You describe the rule of 9 and ask him to figure the percentage of body area burned from Figure 2. The answer you would expect is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer to the question is option B) 18%. This answer is correct because the Rule of Nines is a commonly used method to estimate the percentage of body surface area that has been burned. According to this rule, the body is divided into different regions, each representing approximately 9% or a multiple of 9% of the total body surface area. In this case, the area represented in Figure 2 corresponds to 18% of the total body surface area, hence the correct answer. Option A) 15% is incorrect because it does not align with the Rule of Nines for the given body area depicted in Figure 2. Option C) 30% and Option D) 36% are also incorrect as they do not correspond to the specific region of the body affected by the burn as per the Rule of Nines. In an educational context, understanding the Rule of Nines is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially in situations where quick assessment of burn injuries is necessary for treatment planning. By knowing how to estimate the percentage of body surface area affected by burns, healthcare providers can make informed decisions regarding fluid resuscitation, wound care, and overall management of the patient. This knowledge is essential in emergency settings where prompt and accurate assessment is critical for patient outcomes.