A patient in the sexually transmitted infection clinic has a positive Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test, but no chancre is visible on assessment. The nurse will plan to send specimens for

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FT-Abs). This test is more specific and sensitive than VDRL or RPR. FT-Abs can detect antibodies to Treponema pallidum, providing confirmation of syphilis infection when VDRL is positive without visible chancres. Gram stain (A) is used for bacterial identification but not specific for syphilis. Cytologic studies (B) are not typically used for syphilis diagnosis. RPR (C) is another non-specific test like VDRL.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, the seminal vesicles. Seminal vesicles secrete fructose in semen to provide energy for sperm motility. This process occurs after sperm leave the epididymis and seminiferous tubules, ruling out choices A and B. The prostate glands contribute to the alkaline fluid in semen, not fructose, eliminating choice D. Therefore, choice C is correct due to its role in providing energy for sperm function.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct strategy for external fertilization is to have eggs and sperm shed simultaneously into water. This allows the gametes to meet and fertilize outside of the organism's body. This method is effective in aquatic environments where the chances of gametes coming into contact are increased. Choice A is incorrect as it describes internal fertilization. Choice B is irrelevant to the process of external fertilization. Choice D is incorrect as the frequency of egg and sperm release does not determine the success of external fertilization.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B - Nipple is lubricated by sebaceous gland Rationale: 1. Sebaceous glands produce sebum, which lubricates the skin. 2. The nipple is a part of the skin, and sebaceous glands present in the areola secrete sebum to lubricate the nipple. 3. This lubrication helps protect the nipple during breastfeeding. Summary of other choices: A: Lactiferous duct is mainly lined by simple cuboidal epithelium - Incorrect. The lactiferous duct is lined by stratified cuboidal and columnar epithelium. C: Terminal ductules are seen in lactating mammary gland - Incorrect. Terminal ductules are present in non-lactating mammary glands. D: Interlobular stroma increase in pregnancy - Incorrect. Interlobular stroma does not significantly increase in pregnancy; rather, the alveoli and ducts enlarge during this period.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assist the client in sitting up after the procedure. This is important to prevent complications like vasovagal response or fainting due to sudden positional changes. Sitting up slowly helps stabilize blood pressure and prevent dizziness. B: Providing a pad for dye stains is not the most important action as it is a minor concern compared to client safety post-procedure. C: Taking antibiotics has no direct relevance to the hysterosalpingogram procedure, so it is not the most important action. D: Informing the client about potential shoulder pain is helpful, but ensuring immediate safety by assisting the client in sitting up takes precedence.