ATI RN
Adult Health Nursing Answer Key Questions
Question 1 of 9
A patient in the ICU develops acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to hypovolemic shock. What intervention should the healthcare team prioritize to manage the patient's renal function?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In a patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to hypovolemic shock, the priority intervention to manage the patient's renal function is to administer intravenous fluids to restore circulating volume. Hypovolemic shock leads to decreased blood flow to the kidneys, resulting in hypoperfusion and ischemic damage to the renal tubules. Prompt correction of hypovolemia with intravenous fluids helps improve renal perfusion and function by increasing blood flow to the kidneys. Adequate fluid resuscitation can potentially prevent further kidney damage and support kidney function recovery. It is crucial to address the underlying cause of AKI (hypovolemia in this case) to prevent complications and improve patient outcomes. Initiating renal replacement therapy or recommending nephrotoxic medications would not be the initial interventions for managing AKI in this scenario.
Question 2 of 9
A pregnant woman presents with severe lower abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding. On examination, cervical motion tenderness and unilateral adnexal tenderness are noted, along with an adnexal mass on the affected side. Which of the following conditions is the most likely cause of these symptoms?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The clinical presentation of severe lower abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding in a pregnant woman, along with cervical motion tenderness, unilateral adnexal tenderness, and an adnexal mass on the affected side, is highly concerning for an ectopic pregnancy. Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tube. The presence of an adnexal mass and tenderness on one side is indicative of potential tubal involvement and can mimic symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease. Prompt evaluation and management are crucial in ectopic pregnancy to prevent life-threatening complications associated with rupture of the fallopian tube.
Question 3 of 9
Which law declares that the policy of the State is to promote and upgrade the practice of profession in the country?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: RA 9173, also known as the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002, is the law that declares the State policy to promote and upgrade the practice of the nursing profession in the Philippines. This law provides for the regulation and maintenance of high standards of nursing education and practice in the country. It aims to ensure the welfare and professional growth of Filipino nurses and to safeguard the health of the public by maintaining competency and professionalism in the nursing profession. Therefore, RA 9173 is the correct choice that reflects the State's policy to promote and upgrade the practice of the nursing profession in the Philippines.
Question 4 of 9
One of the committee members raised the question on how to make an abstract. The question was followed by how many words are required in an abstract should (APA) style be followed.? What is the CORRECT answer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When following the APA style, the recommended word count for an abstract is typically between 150 to 250 words. An abstract should serve as a concise summary of the main points of a research paper, providing the reader with a preview of the content without going into excessive detail. Keeping the abstract within the specified word range ensures that it effectively captures the essence of the paper while remaining clear and succinct.
Question 5 of 9
A patient expresses fear of needles before a scheduled blood draw. What is the nurse's best approach to address this fear?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse's best approach to address the patient's fear of needles before a blood draw is to provide the patient with information about relaxation techniques and distraction methods (Option B). Dismissing the patient's fear (Option A), ignoring the fear and proceeding quickly (Option C), or telling the patient that the fear is irrational and unfounded (Option D) would not be helpful and could potentially escalate the patient's anxiety. Providing information on relaxation techniques such as deep breathing or visualization, as well as distraction methods like listening to music or engaging in conversation, can help the patient feel more comfortable and reduce their fear and anxiety during the blood draw procedure. It is important for the nurse to acknowledge and address the patient's concerns in a supportive and empathetic manner to build trust and ensure a successful blood draw experience.
Question 6 of 9
Which of the following is a common oral manifestation of celiac disease characterized by enamel defects with horizontal or vertical grooves on the teeth?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Enamel hypoplasia is a common oral manifestation of celiac disease characterized by defects in the enamel of the teeth. These defects can appear as horizontal or vertical grooves on the teeth. Enamel hypoplasia is caused by disruptions in the formation of enamel during tooth development, leading to thin enamel or localized pitting. It can affect the appearance and strength of the teeth, making them more prone to sensitivity and breakdown. In individuals with celiac disease, enamel hypoplasia may occur due to malabsorption of essential nutrients like calcium and vitamin D. Therefore, when observing oral manifestations such as enamel defects with grooves, it is important to consider the possibility of celiac disease as an underlying cause.
Question 7 of 9
What is the PRIORITY of care for patient diagnosed with Guillain-Barre Syndrome?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The priority of care for a patient diagnosed with Guillain-Barre Syndrome is the maintenance of respiratory function. Guillain-Barre Syndrome can cause paralysis, including respiratory muscles, leading to respiratory failure. Ensuring adequate ventilation and oxygenation is crucial to prevent complications such as respiratory failure and the need for mechanical ventilation. Monitoring for signs of respiratory distress, such as shortness of breath, decreased oxygen saturation, and diminished lung sounds, is essential in providing prompt intervention and support for the patient's respiratory needs. Other aspects of care, such as prevention of decubitus ulcers, control of urinary tract infections, and replacement of fluid and electrolytes, are also important but not as immediate or life-threatening as ensuring adequate respiratory function in these patients.
Question 8 of 9
Nurse Reese is preparing the patient assignment t for the day and needs to assign patients to a midwife and nursing assistant. Which patient should the nurse assign to the midwife because of patient needs that cannot be met by the nursing assistant? A patient requiring________.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient requiring a dressing change of post-caesarian surgery should be assigned to the midwife because this task involves specialized knowledge and skills related to wound care and post-operative care. Performing a dressing change for a post-caesarian surgery patient requires expertise to ensure proper hygiene, wound healing, and prevention of post-operative complications. This task goes beyond the scope of practice for a nursing assistant and should be done by a healthcare professional with higher qualifications and training, such as a midwife.
Question 9 of 9
The nurse instructs the patient that the BEST time for an incontinent patient to take his diuretics is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The best time for an incontinent patient to take diuretics is at bedtime. This timing allows for increased urine production during the night, consequently reducing the need for frequent toileting during the day. By taking the diuretic at bedtime, the patient can manage their incontinence more effectively and have better rest without disruptions from frequent urination during the day.