ATI RN
Immune System Medication Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient has just been told that her cancer has metastasized to her right kidney. An interferon (Aldesleukin) has been prescribed to treat this metastasis. The patient asks why this interferon is ordered. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: It activates human cellular immunity and inhibits tumor growth. Rationale: 1. Interferon (Aldesleukin) is known to activate the immune system, particularly cellular immunity. 2. By activating cellular immunity, interferon helps the body to recognize and attack tumor cells, inhibiting tumor growth. 3. This mechanism is crucial in fighting metastatic cancer, such as in the patient's case. 4. The other options are incorrect because interferon does not protect autologous tumor cells (A), enhance allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (C), or have a direct proliferative effect on renal tumors (D).
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with an allograft transplant. The physician orders a monoclonal antibody to prevent rejection of the transplant. What monoclonal antibody would the nurse expect to be ordered?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Daclizumab. Daclizumab is a monoclonal antibody that targets IL-2 receptors on T cells, preventing their activation and proliferation, thus reducing the risk of transplant rejection. Alemtuzumab (A) targets CD52 on T and B cells for leukemia treatment. Erlotinib (C) is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor for cancer. Omalizumab (D) targets IgE for allergic asthma.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a female patient, aged 62, who has been admitted for treatment of metastatic melanoma. What agent would the nurse anticipate the physician is likely to order?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ipilimumab. This drug is a checkpoint inhibitor used in the treatment of metastatic melanoma by enhancing the immune system to fight cancer cells. It is a common choice for this condition due to its effectiveness. Aldesleukin (A) and Interferon alfa 2b (B) are also immunotherapy agents but are not typically used as first-line treatments for metastatic melanoma. Cyclosporine (C) is an immunosuppressant used to prevent organ transplant rejection and manage autoimmune diseases, not for treating melanoma.
Question 4 of 5
What interleukin receptor antagonist would the nurse anticipate is most likely to be ordered for a patient, 25 years old, who has not responded to traditional antirheumatic drugs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Anakinra (Kineret). Anakinra is an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, which is used to treat patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have not responded to traditional antirheumatic drugs. Interleukin-1 is a key cytokine involved in the inflammatory response seen in rheumatoid arthritis. By blocking the action of interleukin-1, Anakinra helps reduce inflammation and joint damage in these patients. A: Natalizumab (Tysabri) is a monoclonal antibody used to treat multiple sclerosis by preventing immune cells from crossing the blood-brain barrier. C: Eculizumab (Soliris) is a monoclonal antibody used to treat rare blood disorders by blocking a specific part of the immune system. D: Adalimumab (Humira) is a tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor used to treat various autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, ps
Question 5 of 5
The patient has arrived in the short stay unit for an infusion of tositumomab with 131 tositumomab (Bexxar). Before beginning the infusion, the nurse assesses the patient's vital signs and finds the patient has a temperature of 101.5°F, What is the nurse's priority action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Treating the fever before beginning the therapy. Fever can be a sign of infection or other serious underlying issues. Before starting the infusion, it is crucial to address the fever to prevent potential complications. The step-by-step rationale is: 1. Assess the patient's vital signs - In this case, the patient has a temperature of 101.5°F. 2. Recognize the significance of fever - Fever can indicate infection or other health concerns. 3. Prioritize patient safety - Treating the fever before starting the infusion ensures the patient's well-being. 4. Prevent potential adverse reactions - Infusing tositumomab with a fever could exacerbate the patient's condition. 5. Collaborate with the healthcare team - Once the fever is treated, the therapy can be safely initiated. Incorrect Choices: A: Holding the infusion until the patient is afebrile - This delays necessary treatment and does not address the underlying issue causing