A patient has just been prescribed birth control pills and asks about possible side effects. Which of the following should be discussed with the patient?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Headaches and nausea are common side effects of oral contraceptives. Choice A is incorrect because birth control pills typically decrease the menstrual flow. Choice C is not commonly reported with oral contraceptives, and many women report no change in libido. Choice D is incorrect because while oral contraceptives may slightly increase the risk of certain cancers, breast cancer risk is not significantly elevated compared to the general population.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: If a dose is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered and the next dose taken at the usual time. Choice A is incorrect because taking two doses at once may cause side effects. Choice C is incorrect because missing a dose does not require skipping the next dose. Choice D is incorrect because missing a dose does not typically require stopping the pills, but rather following instructions to compensate for the missed dose.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The patient should be instructed to check the strings of the IUD regularly to ensure it remains in place. Choice A is not accurate because while cramping is common, rest is not necessarily required for several days. Choice C is not required; there is no need to avoid sexual activity unless there is an infection or other complication. Choice D is incorrect as Mirena typically reduces bleeding or makes periods lighter.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The copper IUD is a highly effective, long-term contraception method that does not interfere with breastfeeding. Choice A is incorrect because oral contraceptives may reduce milk supply, and many types are not recommended during breastfeeding. Choice C is incorrect because contraceptive injections may not be ideal during breastfeeding. Choice D is incorrect because emergency contraception is used only after unprotected sex and is not a long-term solution.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: An IUD with progestin is a highly effective and safe method for women nearing menopause, as it provides long-term contraception without the need for hormones that may interfere with menopause. Choice A is not ideal because the hormonal load of oral contraceptives with estrogen may cause side effects for women approaching menopause. Choice B may be effective but is not usually the first choice for women nearing menopause due to potential side effects. Choice D is less effective when compared to IUDs.