ATI RN
Introduction to Nursing Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient has just been admitted with probable bacterial pneumonia and sepsis. Which order should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Blood cultures from two sites. This should be implemented first to identify the specific bacteria causing the infection and guide appropriate antibiotic therapy. Cultures help determine the most effective treatment and prevent antibiotic resistance. Chest x-ray (A) can wait as it does not provide immediate treatment. Administering antibiotics like Cipro (C) should be based on culture results. Acetaminophen (D) can help with fever but is not the priority in this case.
Question 2 of 5
A client has been admitted with left-sided heart failure. When planning care for the client, interventions should be focused around reduction of which specific problem associated with this type of heart failure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bilateral lung crackles. Left-sided heart failure causes fluid buildup in the lungs, leading to crackles on auscultation. Interventions should focus on reducing pulmonary congestion to improve breathing. Ascites (A) is associated with right-sided heart failure. Pedal edema (B) is a symptom of right-sided heart failure due to fluid retention in the lower extremities. Jugular vein distention (D) is a sign of right-sided heart failure. Focusing on reducing bilateral lung crackles is crucial in managing left-sided heart failure.
Question 3 of 5
While bathing a patient with cancer, the nurse assessed several large new bruises on the patient's upper arms and thighs. An understanding of the possible causes and the correct nurse's actions for these findings are that
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because new large bruises in a cancer patient could indicate disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), a serious condition where blood clots form throughout the body. Reporting and recording the bruises fully is crucial for monitoring changes. Choice A is incorrect as assuming the bruises are from a fall without proper assessment can lead to overlooking a serious medical condition like DIC. Choice C is incorrect as intravascular fluid overload does not typically cause large bruises and placing the patient on strict I/O status may not address the underlying issue. Choice D is incorrect as attributing the bruises to a drug-induced seizure without proper assessment and reporting of DIC symptoms can delay necessary treatment.
Question 4 of 5
Which group of drugs will the nurse plan to include when teaching a patient who has a new diagnosis of peripheral artery disease (PAD)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Statins. Statins are used to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with PAD. They help prevent further progression of atherosclerosis and improve blood flow. Antibiotics (B) are not typically indicated for PAD unless there is an infection present. Thrombolytics (C) are used to dissolve blood clots and are not a primary treatment for PAD. Anticoagulants (D) are used to prevent blood clots but are not the first-line treatment for PAD. Overall, statins are the most appropriate choice for managing PAD due to their proven benefits in reducing cardiovascular risk factors associated with the disease.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse administers medications to a client who has asthma. Which medication classification is paired correctly with its physiologic action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Answer B is correct as a cholinergic antagonist works by inhibiting the parasympathetic nervous system, leading to bronchodilation. The parasympathetic nervous system typically causes bronchoconstriction, so inhibiting it results in dilation of the bronchi and improved airflow in asthma patients. Choice A is incorrect as bronchodilators do not stabilize mast cell membranes; they directly relax bronchial smooth muscles. Choice C is incorrect as corticosteroids work by reducing airway inflammation and suppressing the immune response, not by directly relaxing bronchial smooth muscles. Choice D is incorrect as cromones prevent the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells, rather than disrupting their production pathways.