ATI RN
The Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient has heart failure, and a high dose of furosemide is ordered. What suggests a favorable response to furosemide?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because in heart failure, furosemide helps with fluid removal through diuresis, leading to decreased fluid overload. A decrease in respiratory rate from 28/min to 20/min and increased depth suggests improved lung function due to reduced fluid accumulation in the lungs. This indicates a favorable response to furosemide therapy. Choice A is incorrect because a decrease in level of consciousness and increased sleepiness is not a favorable response to furosemide. Choice C is incorrect because increased congestion in breath sounds and complaints of shortness of breath indicate worsening symptoms, not an improvement. Choice D is incorrect because a urine output of 50 mL/4 hours is low and indicates inadequate response to diuretic therapy.
Question 2 of 5
When a patient requires an ever-increasing dose of a medication to achieve the same therapeutic effect, the nurse must assess the patient for:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: tolerance. Tolerance occurs when a patient needs higher doses of a medication to achieve the same therapeutic effect over time. This indicates the body has adapted to the drug, requiring increased doses. Assessing for tolerance is crucial to prevent potential overdose or underdosing. A: Withdrawal is the body's reaction when a patient suddenly stops taking a medication, not when needing higher doses for the same effect. B: Patency refers to the openness of a tube or vessel, not related to needing increased drug doses. C: Side effects are potential adverse reactions to a medication but do not necessarily indicate the need for higher doses.
Question 3 of 5
A patient has been treated for lung cancer for 3 years. Over the past few months, the patient has noticed that the opioid analgesic is not helping as much as it had previously and more medication is needed for the same pain relief. The nurse is aware that this patient is experiencing opioid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: tolerance. Tolerance occurs when a patient requires increasing doses of a medication to achieve the same effect over time. In this case, the patient needs more opioid medication for the same pain relief, indicating tolerance. Addiction (A) involves a psychological dependence on a substance, which is not directly related to the need for increased doses for pain relief. Toxicity (C) refers to harmful effects of a drug at excessive doses, not the need for higher doses for pain relief. Abstinence syndrome (D) is the set of symptoms that occur when a person stops using a drug abruptly, not the need for increasing doses due to decreased effectiveness.
Question 4 of 5
A patient in a rehabilitation center is beginning to experience opioid withdrawal symptoms. The nurse expects to administer which drug as part of the treatment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: methadone. Methadone is commonly used in managing opioid withdrawal symptoms due to its long-acting properties and ability to reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms. It helps stabilize the patient and prevent relapse. Diazepam (A) is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety and not typically for opioid withdrawal. Disulfiram (C) is used for alcohol aversion therapy, not opioid withdrawal. Bupropion (D) is used for smoking cessation, not opioid withdrawal.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has been started on therapy of a continuous infusion of lidocaine after receiving a loading dose of the drug. The nurse will monitor the patient for which adverse effect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Convulsions. Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that can cause adverse effects like convulsions, especially with rapid administration or high doses. Drowsiness (A) may occur but is less concerning. Nystagmus (B) is a possible side effect of lidocaine but not a priority to monitor. Dry mouth (C) is not a common adverse effect of lidocaine infusion. Monitoring for convulsions is crucial due to the potential neurotoxic effects of lidocaine.