ATI RN
Psychotropic Medication Side Effects Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient has disorganized thinking associated with schizophrenia. Neuroimaging would most likely show dysfunction in which part of the brain?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Prefrontal cortex. Disorganized thinking in schizophrenia is linked to executive dysfunction, which is primarily controlled by the prefrontal cortex. This brain region is responsible for decision-making, planning, and cognitive control. Dysfunction in the prefrontal cortex can result in impaired reasoning and problem-solving abilities, leading to disorganized thinking. Brainstem (A) is primarily involved in basic functions like breathing and heart rate regulation, not higher cognitive functions. Cerebellum (B) is responsible for motor coordination, not higher-order thinking. Temporal lobe (C) is involved in memory and auditory processing, but not specifically associated with disorganized thinking in schizophrenia.
Question 2 of 5
The laboratory report for a patient taking clozapine (Clozaril) shows a white blood cell count of 3000 mm3 and a granulocyte count of 1500 mm3. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. A white blood cell count of 3000 mm3 and a granulocyte count of 1500 mm3 indicate severe neutropenia, a known side effect of clozapine. This condition requires immediate attention to prevent serious infections. The nurse should report these results to the healthcare provider for further evaluation and possible discontinuation of clozapine. Choice B is incorrect because giving the next dose could exacerbate the neutropenia and increase the risk of infection. Choice C is incorrect as aspirin is not indicated and forcing fluids is not the appropriate intervention for neutropenia. Choice D is also incorrect as repeating the laboratory tests may delay necessary interventions for the patient's condition.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a history of asthma says, "I’ve been very nervous lately. I think aromatherapy will help. I am ordering $250 worth of oils from an Internet site that promised swift results.” Select the nurse’s best action.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tell the patient, “Aromatherapy can complicate respiratory problems such as asthma. Let’s consider some other options.” This is the best action as it addresses the patient's asthma history and concerns about using aromatherapy. It shows the nurse's responsibility to educate the patient about potential risks and explore safer alternatives. A: Supporting the patient's efforts is important, but in this case, the patient's safety must be prioritized due to the existing health condition. B: Suggesting to check with friends does not provide reliable information and may delay appropriate intervention. C: Reminding the patient about medication costs is important, but it does not directly address the potential harm of aromatherapy in this situation.
Question 4 of 5
An older male patient has suffered with episodic pruritus and skin eruptions for over 2 years. This patient tells the nurse, "When my skin gets better for a few days, I start worrying that it’s going to start itching again soon. I think my worry may actually trigger the problems to start all over again.” Which self-help technique should the nurse consider suggesting for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Meditation. Meditation can help the patient manage stress and anxiety, which may be triggering or exacerbating the skin issues. By practicing mindfulness and relaxation techniques through meditation, the patient can learn to better cope with worries and reduce the likelihood of stress-induced flare-ups. Incorrect choices: A: Melatonin is a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles, not directly related to stress management or skin conditions. C: Purification is vague and not a recognized self-help technique for stress or skin issues. D: Acupuncture may offer benefits for some conditions but is not specifically indicated for stress management in this context.
Question 5 of 5
Select the best desired outcome for a patient who uses valerian. The patient will report
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because valerian is commonly used as a natural remedy for sleep disorders. The desired outcome for a patient using valerian would be to achieve undisturbed sleep throughout the night. Valerian is known for its calming and sedative effects, which can help promote better sleep quality. Option A is incorrect as valerian primarily targets sleep-related issues, not stress directly. Option C is incorrect as valerian is not typically used to increase interest in recreational activities. Option D is incorrect as early morning waking without an alarm clock is not necessarily a desired outcome for a patient using valerian.