ATI RN
ATI Cardiovascular Drugs Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient has difficulty with mathematical calculations. Which area of the brain is most likely involved with this problem?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: parietal lobe. The parietal lobe is primarily responsible for processing mathematical calculations and spatial reasoning. Damage to this area can lead to difficulties with mathematical tasks. The frontal lobe is more associated with higher cognitive functions like decision-making and planning. The temporal lobe is involved in memory and language processing. The occipital lobe is responsible for processing visual information. Therefore, the parietal lobe is the most likely area involved in the patient's difficulty with mathematical calculations.
Question 2 of 5
A patient who has received some traumatic news is panicking and asks for some medication to help settle down. The nurse anticipates giving which drug that is most appropriate for this situation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: diazepam (Valium). Diazepam is a benzodiazepine that is commonly used for its anxiolytic properties. It works by enhancing the effects of a neurotransmitter called GABA in the brain, leading to a calming effect. In the given situation of a patient panicking after receiving traumatic news, diazepam can help reduce anxiety and promote relaxation. Summary of why the other choices are incorrect: B: zolpidem (Ambien) is a sedative-hypnotic primarily used for treating insomnia, not anxiety or panic. C: phenobarbital is a barbiturate with sedative and anticonvulsant properties, but it is not commonly used for acute anxiety or panic attacks. D: cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril) is a muscle relaxant and does not have anxiolytic properties to help with panic or anxiety.
Question 3 of 5
An elderly patient will be taking a vasodilator for hypertension. Which adverse effect is of most concern for the older adult patient taking this class of drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypotension. Vasodilators relax blood vessels, leading to decreased blood pressure. In older adults, the risk of hypotension is higher due to age-related changes in cardiovascular function. This can result in dizziness, falls, and potential cardiovascular complications. Dry mouth (A), restlessness (B), and constipation (C) are not typically associated with vasodilators and are less concerning compared to the risk of hypotension in elderly patients.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is concerned about the adverse effects of the fibric acid derivative she is taking to lower her cholesterol level. Which is an adverse effect of this class of medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Diarrhea. Fibric acid derivatives are known to cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as diarrhea. This occurs due to increased bile acid secretion and can lead to loose stools. Constipation (choice A) is not typically associated with fibric acid derivatives. Joint pain (choice C) is not a common side effect of this medication class. Dry mouth (choice D) is also not a typical adverse effect of fibric acid derivatives. Hence, the correct adverse effect is diarrhea.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is giving instructions to a patient who will be receiving oral iron supplements. Which instructions will be included in the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Take the iron tablets with meals if gastrointestinal distress occurs. This is because taking iron supplements with food can help reduce gastrointestinal side effects such as stomach upset and nausea. It also enhances iron absorption. A is incorrect because taking iron tablets with milk or antacids can decrease iron absorption. B is incorrect because crushing iron pills can alter their effectiveness and may cause irritation to the stomach lining. D is incorrect because black tarry stools are a common side effect of iron supplements and do not necessarily indicate an emergency situation.