A patient has been taking a beta blocker for 4 weeks as part of his antianginal therapy. He also has type II diabetes and hyperthyroidism. When discussing possible adverse effects, the nurse will include which information?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Beta blockers can mask symptoms of hypoglycemia in diabetic patients and may also affect blood glucose levels. Monitoring blood glucose levels is crucial to detect any potential hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. A: Weight loss is not a common adverse effect of beta blockers, rather weight gain is more common. B: Beta blockers typically slow down the heart rate, so monitoring for an increased heart rate is not necessary. C: Hot tubs and saunas can potentially worsen the effects of beta blockers on blood pressure and heart rate, so it is not recommended to use them without medical advice. In summary, monitoring blood glucose levels for possible hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia is essential for diabetic patients on beta blockers, while the other choices are not directly related to the adverse effects of beta blockers in this context.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because determining the specific cause of anemia is crucial before starting treatment with folic acid. Folic acid is not used to treat all types of anemia (A), as different types require different treatments. Folic acid is specifically used to treat folate deficiency anemia, not iron-deficiency anemia (B) or pernicious anemia (C). Pernicious anemia is treated with vitamin B12, not folic acid. Therefore, the nurse must identify the underlying cause of anemia to ensure the appropriate treatment is provided.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. Drug molecules can bind to a variety of target proteins, including receptors, ion channels, and carriers. Receptors are often targeted to modulate cellular signaling pathways. Ion channels are targeted to regulate the flow of ions across cell membranes. Carriers are targeted to facilitate the transport of molecules across cell membranes. Therefore, the correct answer is D because drug molecules can bind to all three types of target proteins for therapeutic effects. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they each represent only one type of target protein that drug molecules can interact with, whereas the correct answer encompasses all possibilities.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale: A: Incorrect. Local anesthetics are not metabolized at the site of administration but rather at systemic sites like plasma or liver. B: Correct. Local anesthetics are metabolized in the plasma or liver, not at the administration site. C: Incorrect. Ester anesthetics like procaine are metabolized by pseudocholinesterase in the plasma, not systemically. D: Incorrect. Amides like lidocaine are metabolized in the liver by microsomal mixed function oxidases, not at the administration site. Summary: Choice A is incorrect as local anesthetics are not metabolized at the site of administration but rather at systemic sites like plasma or liver. Choices B, C, and D provide accurate information about the metabolism of local anesthetics.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Pralidoxime, as it is a cholinesterase reactivator used to treat organophosphate poisoning by reactivating inhibited acetylcholinesterase. Edrophonium (B) is a cholinesterase inhibitor used for diagnostic purposes. Pilocarpine (C) is a muscarinic agonist used to treat glaucoma and dry mouth. Isoflurophate (D) is an irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor used as an insecticide. Therefore, Pralidoxime is the only cholinesterase activator among the options provided.