ATI RN
The Cardiovascular Pharmacology of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient has been started on therapy of a continuous infusion of lidocaine after receiving a loading dose of the drug. The nurse will monitor the patient for which adverse effect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Convulsions. Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that can cause adverse effects like convulsions, especially with rapid administration or high doses. Drowsiness (A) may occur but is less concerning. Nystagmus (B) is a possible side effect of lidocaine but not a priority to monitor. Dry mouth (C) is not a common adverse effect of lidocaine infusion. Monitoring for convulsions is crucial due to the potential neurotoxic effects of lidocaine.
Question 2 of 5
Most of drugs are distributed homogeneously.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FALSE. Most drugs are not distributed homogeneously in the body. Drug distribution is influenced by factors such as blood flow, tissue permeability, protein binding, and pH levels. Drugs can accumulate in specific tissues or organs, leading to variations in distribution. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they make absolute statements that do not accurately reflect the complexities of drug distribution in the body. It is important to consider various factors that affect drug distribution rather than assuming homogeneity.
Question 3 of 5
Dependence is often associated with tolerance to a drug, a physical abstinence syndrome, and psychological dependence (craving). This consideration is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: TRUE. Dependence is indeed associated with tolerance to a drug, physical withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuation, and psychological craving. Tolerance indicates a reduced response to a drug over time, withdrawal symptoms occur when the drug is stopped abruptly, and psychological dependence leads to a strong desire to continue using the drug despite negative consequences. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the comprehensive nature of drug dependence and its associated factors.
Question 4 of 5
Most serious toxic reaction to local anesthetics is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the most serious toxic reaction to local anesthetics is systemic toxicity, which can lead to cardiovascular collapse, seizures, and even death. This occurs when the anesthetic enters the bloodstream in excessive amounts. Choice A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not reflect the most serious toxic reaction associated with local anesthetics. Choice A is a distraction, choice B is vague, and choice C is not directly related to the topic of toxic reactions to local anesthetics.
Question 5 of 5
Indicate the drug, which is rapidly and fully distributed into CNS and has a greater effect than most other antimuscarinic agents?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Scopolamine. Scopolamine is rapidly and fully distributed into the central nervous system (CNS) due to its high lipid solubility. It has a greater effect than most other antimuscarinic agents because of its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier efficiently. Atropine (A) has less CNS penetration than scopolamine. Homatropine (C) has a shorter duration of action and lower CNS penetration. Ipratropium (D) is primarily used for its bronchodilator effects and has minimal CNS penetration. Therefore, based on its pharmacokinetic properties, scopolamine is the most suitable option for rapid and potent CNS effects among the choices provided.