A patient has been receiving intravenous heparin. When laboratory tests are drawn, the nurse has difficulty

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The patient is displaying signs and symptoms that are suggestive of potential heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), a serious adverse effect of heparin therapy. Bloody stools and abdominal pain can indicate gastrointestinal bleeding, which can occur as a complication of heparin therapy. Elevated partial thromboplastin time (PTT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) can also be seen in the setting of HIT.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Aspirin, an acidic drug, ionizes in the small intestine's alkaline pH, reducing absorption as ionized forms cross membranes less easily than non-ionized. Absorption increases in the stomach's acid pH. Ionization directly affects rate. It absorbs mainly in the stomach and intestine, not beyond. Decreased absorption reflects pH impact, a pharmacokinetic rule.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The antidote for Heparin, which is an anticoagulant medication, is protamine sulfate. Heparin works by inhibiting the body's ability to form blood clots, and an overdose of Heparin can lead to excessive bleeding. Protamine sulfate works by neutralizing the anticoagulant effects of Heparin. This antidote is particularly useful in cases of overdose or when immediate reversal of Heparin's effects is needed, such as during surgery or in emergency situations. Other options listed, such as Warfarin, Insulin, and Naloxone, are not the appropriate antidotes for Heparin toxicity.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Isosorbide dinitrate, a nitrate, treats angina by dilating vessels, but its interaction with sildenafil causes severe hypotension. Both enhance cGMP, leading to profound vasodilation, a life-threatening risk. Cold extremities or hot extremities may occur as minor effects but aren't primary concerns. Tinnitus and vertigo (E) aren't linked. Given his age and potential for erectile dysfunction treatment, warning about sildenafil is critical. Nitrates' rapid action relieves rest angina, but this interaction demands patient education to prevent catastrophic blood pressure drops, distinguishing it from less severe side effects.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Republic Act 6675, known as the Generics Act of 1988, is the act in the Philippines that promotes and ensures the production of an adequate supply, distribution, use, and acceptance of drugs identified by their generic names. The main goal of this act is to make quality generic medicines more accessible and affordable to the public. By encouraging the use of generic drugs, R.A 6675 aims to provide Filipinos with more affordable options for their healthcare needs while maintaining the quality and effectiveness of the medications. This act helps promote transparency in drug pricing and provides regulations to ensure the safety and efficacy of generic medicines in the country.