ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Book Questions
Question 1 of 9
A patient has been ordered the powdered form of the bile acid sequestrant colestipol. Which of the following does the nurse identify as true?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct statement is that the colestipol should be administered 1 hour before or 4 to 6 hours after any other oral medication. Bile acid sequestrants like colestipol can bind to other medications, reducing their absorption and effectiveness. Therefore, they should be taken separately from other medications to prevent any interactions. Additionally, colestipol should ideally be administered with meals to improve tolerability and adherence, although this was not one of the options given in the question.
Question 2 of 9
The nurse completes medication education for the client receiving antihistamines. The nurse evaluates that learning has occurred when the client makes which statement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: First-generation antihistamines cause sedation. 'This medication could make me very sleepy' shows understanding, indicating effective education. Alcohol worsens sedation. Fluids aren't key. OTC doesn't mean safe. D ensures safety awareness, making it the best statement.
Question 3 of 9
An intrinsic activity of < 1 is exhibited by.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An intrinsic activity of < 1 is exhibited by a partial agonist. Intrinsic activity, also known as efficacy, refers to the ability of a drug to activate a receptor upon binding. A partial agonist has lower intrinsic activity compared to a full agonist. It is able to activate the receptor, but to a lesser extent, often resulting in a submaximal response even when all receptors are occupied. This characteristic of partial agonists makes them important in pharmacology for providing a more controlled and graded response compared to full agonists.
Question 4 of 9
A client is prescribed methotrexate (Rheumatrex) for rheumatoid arthritis. Which teaching point should the nurse emphasize?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Methotrexate, a DMARD, treats RA but risks renal toxicity from crystal formation. Drinking plenty of water ensures excretion, reducing this risk, a critical teaching point. Milk doesn't help'absorption is unaffected. Green leafy vegetables increase folate, which methotrexate depletes, but supplementation is controlled. Stopping if better risks flare-ups. Hydration aligns with methotrexate's pharmacokinetics, vital in RA where long-term safety matters, making A the priority to emphasize for renal protection.
Question 5 of 9
What patient history would the nurse recognize as a contraindication for beginning Niacin therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gout is a contraindication for beginning Niacin therapy due to its potential to exacerbate gout symptoms. Niacin can lead to hyperuricemia, which is increased uric acid levels in the blood, and that can trigger a gout attack. Patients with a history of gout should avoid Niacin therapy to prevent worsening of their condition.
Question 6 of 9
A male client has erectile dysfunction. Which systems should be assessed that could contribute to the erectile dysfunction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erectile dysfunction (ED) often stems from cardiovascular issues, like atherosclerosis or hypertension, which impair blood flow to the penis, a vascular process essential for erection. The integumentary system, while relevant to skin health, doesn't directly influence ED unless severe conditions affect genital tissue, which is rare. Endocrine disorders, such as diabetes or low testosterone, disrupt hormonal balance critical for libido and erectile function, making it a key area. The nervous system, including spinal cord injuries or neuropathy, affects nerve signals for arousal, another vital component. Cardiovascular assessment is prioritized because ED can signal underlying heart disease, with shared risk factors like smoking or high cholesterol, and its vascular basis often precedes overt cardiac symptoms, necessitating a thorough check of circulation and heart health to pinpoint or rule out this common cause.
Question 7 of 9
Lithium is used to?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lithium is primarily used to stabilize mood and prevent manic episodes in individuals with bipolar disorder. It is a mood-stabilizing medication that helps to lessen the severity and frequency of manic episodes. Lithium is not used to lower blood glucose, slow the heart rate, or heal ulcers. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage and have regular monitoring of lithium levels in the blood to ensure its effectiveness and prevent toxicity.
Question 8 of 9
A 19-year-old female is brought to the emergency department by a friend concerned with a change in her behavior during a party. The patient is agitated, anxious, and exhibits paranoid reactions to the physical exam. Her pulse is 120 beats/minute and her blood pressure is 150/100 mm Hg. She also complains of 'bugs' crawling all over her skin, although there is nothing there. Which of the following drugs has she most likely taken?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Agitation, paranoia, tachycardia, hypertension, and formication (bugs on skin) suggest cocaine . Heroin causes sedation. LSD induces hallucinations but less autonomic stimulation. Methanol and Propofol (E) don't fit. Cocaine's stimulant effects match this acute presentation.
Question 9 of 9
How would you teach a patient how to prep an inhaler?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Teaching a patient how to prepare an inhaler is an important step in proper medication administration. Shaking the inhaler for about 5 seconds before use helps to ensure that the medication is properly mixed and dispersed. This is especially important for metered-dose inhalers where the medication is dispersed as a fine spray. Priming the inhaler by shaking it helps ensure that the patient receives the correct dose of medication with each use.