ATI RN
Cardiovascular Drugs NCLEX Practice Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient has been diagnosed with angina and will be given a prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. When teaching the patient how to use sublingual nitroglycerin, the nurse will include which instruction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: If the chest pain is not relieved after one tablet, call 911 immediately. This instruction is crucial because persistent chest pain could indicate a more serious cardiac event requiring immediate medical attention. It is important to emphasize the urgency of seeking medical help if the first dose does not provide relief. Choice A is incorrect because taking up to five doses at short intervals is not recommended and could lead to hypotension. Choice B is incorrect because chewing the tablet would bypass the sublingual route of administration, reducing the effectiveness of the medication. Choice D is incorrect because waiting 1 minute between doses is not recommended as the patient should seek emergency medical attention if the first dose does not provide relief.
Question 2 of 5
An oral iron supplement is prescribed for a patient. The nurse would question this order if the patient’s medical history includes which condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hemolytic anemia. Oral iron supplements can exacerbate hemolytic anemia by increasing the production of red blood cells, which can worsen the condition. Other choices (A, C, D) are not contraindications for prescribing an oral iron supplement. Decreased hemoglobin indicates a need for iron supplementation, weakness can be a symptom of iron deficiency anemia (which would require iron supplementation), and concurrent therapy with erythropoietics can be used in combination with iron supplements to treat anemia.
Question 3 of 5
Pharmacodynamics involves the study of following EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pharmacodynamics specifically focuses on how drugs interact with the body to produce their effects, including mechanisms of drug action and biological/therapeutic effects. Absorption and distribution of drugs fall under pharmacokinetics, not pharmacodynamics. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer. Absorption and distribution are crucial in determining drug concentrations at the site of action, but they do not directly relate to the study of how drugs exert their effects on the body. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are all aspects that are studied within pharmacodynamics.
Question 4 of 5
Indicate the local anesthetic, which is a toluidine derivative:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lidocaine. Lidocaine is a toluidine derivative due to its chemical structure containing a toluidine group. The toluidine derivative refers to the presence of a methyl group on the amino nitrogen atom, as seen in Lidocaine. Bupivacaine (B) is an amino amide local anesthetic, not a toluidine derivative. Prilocaine (C) is an amino amide local anesthetic like Bupivacaine. Procaine (D) is an ester local anesthetic, not a toluidine derivative. Hence, the correct choice is A (Lidocaine) as it meets the criteria of being a toluidine derivative.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following cholinomimetics is a plant derivative with lower potency than nicotine but with a similar spectrum of action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: A is correct because lobeline is a plant derivative found in Lobelia plants, acting as a cholinomimetic with lower potency than nicotine but similar action spectrum. Nicotine is a potent cholinomimetic derived from tobacco. Pilocarpine is a cholinomimetic derived from the Pilocarpus shrub with different actions. Carbachol is a synthetic cholinomimetic with different properties. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter, not a plant-derived cholinomimetic.