ATI RN
The Hematologic System ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient has an altered level of T and B cells. The nurse realizes that these cells are members of which cell type?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lymphocytes. T and B cells are types of lymphocytes, a crucial component of the immune system responsible for fighting infections. T cells regulate immune responses, while B cells produce antibodies. Platelets (A), eosinophils (B), and red blood cells (D) are not involved in immune responses and do not possess the functions of T and B cells. Platelets are involved in blood clotting, eosinophils are a type of white blood cell involved in allergic reactions, and red blood cells are responsible for oxygen transport.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is being prepared to receive a prescribed blood transfusion. What is the best way that the LPN can assist the health team to prevent a transfusion reaction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D Rationale: 1. Identifying the patient and blood product is crucial to prevent transfusion reactions. 2. Matching the patient's identity with the blood product minimizes risk of incompatibility. 3. This step ensures the right blood type and product are administered, preventing serious reactions. 4. LPNs play a key role in assisting the RN in verifying and confirming patient and blood product identity. Summary: A: Monitoring vital signs is important but doesn't directly prevent transfusion reactions. B: Warming blood can improve patient comfort but does not prevent reactions. C: Administering Benadryl addresses possible allergic reactions but doesn't prevent incompatibility issues.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is prescribed a transfusion of washed packed red blood cells. What should the nurse realize as being the rationale for the using this type of blood?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reduces the risk of a febrile reaction. Washed packed red blood cells are used to remove plasma proteins, white blood cells, and platelets, reducing the risk of febrile reactions caused by leukocytes and cytokines. Choice A is incorrect because washing red blood cells does not impact the risk of hypothermia. Choice B is incorrect as washing does not clean the cells of impurities. Choice D is incorrect as the washing process does not remove harmful particles from the blood.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is assisting with the collection of data from a patient with a hematologic disorder. On which body system should the nurse expect to focus when collecting this data?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: All body systems. When assessing a patient with a hematologic disorder, the nurse needs to consider the impact on multiple body systems. Hematologic disorders can affect the cardiovascular system (such as anemia or clotting disorders), respiratory system (such as decreased oxygen-carrying capacity), genitourinary system (such as kidney dysfunction in conditions like hemolytic uremic syndrome), and other systems. By focusing on all body systems, the nurse ensures a comprehensive assessment to identify any potential complications or manifestations related to the hematologic disorder. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because hematologic disorders can have implications beyond these specific systems, necessitating a more holistic approach to data collection.
Question 5 of 5
A patient's complete blood count (CBC) shows a hemoglobin of 19 g/dL and a hematocrit of 54%. Which question should the nurse ask to determine possible causes of this finding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Do you have any history of lung disease? A high hemoglobin and hematocrit could indicate polycythemia, which can be secondary to chronic hypoxia from lung disease. Asking about lung disease helps determine if there is an underlying cause of the elevated levels. Incorrect Choices: A: Recent weight loss is more relevant for anemia. C: Dark or bloody stools are more indicative of gastrointestinal bleeding and iron deficiency anemia. D: Dietary intake of meats and protein is not directly related to the elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.