ATI RN
Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient has allergic rhinitis. In planning care for the patient, the nurse understands that if the patient does not remain compliant with the treatment regimen, the patient is at risk for developing which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Allergic rhinitis is characterized by inflammation of the nasal passages due to exposure to allergens. If a patient with allergic rhinitis does not remain compliant with the treatment regimen, such as taking antihistamines or using nasal corticosteroids, it can lead to chronic inflammation and congestion of the nasal passages. Over time, this chronic inflammation can predispose the patient to developing complications such as sinusitis, which is the inflammation of the sinuses. Sinusitis can result in symptoms such as facial pain, pressure, nasal congestion, and fever. Therefore, non-compliance with treatment in allergic rhinitis can increase the risk of developing sinusitis as a complication.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the ff precautions must a nurse take while caring for clients with HIV/AIDS to reduce occupational risks?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When caring for clients with HIV/AIDS to reduce occupational risks, a nurse must take precautions to minimize the risk of exposure to body fluids that may contain the HIV virus. Transporting specimens of body fluid in leakproof containers helps prevent accidental spills or leakages that could lead to exposure. Proper handling and containment of body fluids are essential to reducing the risk of transmission of HIV to healthcare workers. This precaution is in line with standard infection control practices to ensure the safety of healthcare providers and minimize the risk of occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens like HIV.
Question 3 of 5
A client who is receiving cyclosporine (Sandimmune) must practice good oral hygiene, including regular brushing and flossing of the teeth, to minimize gingival hyperplasia during long-term therapy with certain drugs. Which of the following drug falls into this category?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gingival hyperplasia, or overgrowth of gum tissue, is a common side effect associated with certain medications, particularly anti-seizure medications like phenytoin (Dilantin). This side effect can be minimized through good oral hygiene practices, such as regular brushing and flossing of the teeth. The client must pay extra attention to oral care while taking phenytoin in order to prevent or reduce the severity of gingival hyperplasia. It is important for healthcare providers to educate clients on the importance of oral hygiene with medications associated with this side effect.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse assesses a client shortly after kidney transplant surgery. Which postoperative finding must the nurse report to the physician immediately?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A low urine output of 20mL/hour shortly after kidney transplant surgery is a critical finding that must be reported to the physician immediately. Adequate urine output is essential to ensure proper kidney function and the body's ability to eliminate waste products and regulate electrolyte levels. A urine output of less than 30mL/hour is considered oliguria, which may indicate decreased kidney function or potential complications such as acute kidney injury. Therefore, prompt evaluation and intervention are necessary to prevent further kidney damage or complications in the client.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 32-year old client admitted with pernicious anemia. Which set of findings should the nurse expect when assessing the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pernicious anemia is a type of megaloblastic anemia caused by the body's inability to absorb vitamin B12, essential for the production of red blood cells. The characteristic findings associated with pernicious anemia include pallor due to decreased red blood cells, tachycardia as the heart compensates for decreased oxygen-carrying capacity, and a sore tongue (glossitis) due to vitamin B12 deficiency affecting the oral mucosa. Therefore, the nurse should expect to find pallor, tachycardia, and a sore tongue when assessing a client with pernicious anemia.