A patient has acute anxiety related to an automobile accident 2 hours ago. The nurse should teach the patient about medication from which group?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Benzodiazepines. Benzodiazepines are the first-line medication for acute anxiety due to their rapid onset of action and effectiveness in reducing anxiety symptoms. They work by enhancing the effects of the neurotransmitter GABA, which helps to calm the central nervous system. Tricyclic antidepressants (A) are not typically used for acute anxiety and have a slower onset of action. Antipsychotic drugs (B) are not indicated for anxiety and are more commonly used for psychotic disorders. Mood stabilizers (C) are used to manage mood disorders like bipolar disorder and are not typically used for acute anxiety. In summary, benzodiazepines are the most appropriate choice for managing acute anxiety in this scenario due to their rapid action and effectiveness in reducing anxiety symptoms.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: phenelzine. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressant that requires dietary restrictions to avoid tyramine-containing foods. Tyramine-rich foods can cause a hypertensive crisis when combined with MAOIs. The other medications listed do not have specific dietary restrictions related to their use. Haloperidol is an antipsychotic, carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant, and trazodone is an antidepressant, none of which necessitate a special diet. Therefore, the nurse should order a special diet for the patient taking phenelzine to prevent potential adverse reactions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. A white blood cell count of 3000 mm3 in a patient taking clozapine is concerning for agranulocytosis, a potentially life-threatening side effect. The nurse should report these results to the health care provider immediately for further evaluation and possible discontinuation of the medication. Administering the next dose (B) can worsen the condition. Giving aspirin and forcing fluids (C) is not indicated for this situation. Repeating the laboratory test (D) may delay necessary intervention.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because encountering a large poisonous snake can trigger a fight-or-flight response, leading to an increase in blood pressure to prepare for potential danger. This response is mediated by the sympathetic nervous system, causing vasoconstriction and increased cardiac output. Choices A and B are less likely as a decrease in pulse or respiratory rate is not typical in this situation. Choice C is less directly related to the physiological response to a threat compared to blood pressure changes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the patient describes symptoms associated with chronic sleep deprivation, such as fatigue and gastrointestinal issues. This indicates a disruption in the body's normal functioning due to lack of adequate sleep. Choice A suggests using external stimuli to fall asleep, which may not necessarily indicate chronic sleep deprivation. Choice C shows awareness of the recommended sleep duration, which is not necessarily indicative of chronic sleep deprivation. Choice D suggests experiencing confusion upon waking, which could indicate other sleep disorders but not specifically chronic sleep deprivation.